Bouwer E, Durant N, Wilson L, Zhang W, Cunningham A
Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1994 Oct;15(2-3):307-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00142.x.
Exploiting microorganisms for remediation of waste sites is a promising alternative to groundwater pumping and above ground treatment. The objective of in situ bioremediation is to stimulate the growth of indigenous or introduced microorganisms in regions of subsurface contamination, and thus to provide direct contact between microorganisms and the dissolved and sorbed contaminants for biotransformation. Subsurface microorganisms detected at a former manufactured gas plant site contaminated with coal tars mineralized significant amounts of naphthalene (8-43%) and phenanthrene (3-31%) in sediment-water microcosms incubated for 4 weeks under aerobic conditions. Evidence was obtained for naphthalene mineralization (8-13%) in the absence of oxygen in field samples. These data suggest that biodegradation of these compounds is occurring at the site, and the prospects are good for enhancing this biodegradation. Additional batch studies demonstrated that sorption of naphthalene onto aquifer materials reduced the extent and rate of biodegradation, indicating that desorption rate was controlling the biodegradation performance.
利用微生物修复废弃场地是一种有前景的替代地下水抽取和地面处理的方法。原位生物修复的目标是刺激地下污染区域中本地或引入微生物的生长，从而使微生物与溶解态和吸附态污染物直接接触以进行生物转化。在一个曾被煤焦油污染的人造煤气厂场地检测到的地下微生物，在有氧条件下培养4周的沉积物 - 水微型生态系统中，将大量萘（8 - 43%）和菲（3 - 31%）矿化。在现场样品无氧的情况下也获得了萘矿化（8 - 13%）的证据。这些数据表明这些化合物在该场地正在发生生物降解，增强这种生物降解的前景良好。额外的批次研究表明，萘在含水层材料上的吸附降低了生物降解的程度和速率，表明解吸速率控制着生物降解性能。
