Johnson M R
Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Ill.
J Heart Lung Transplant. 1994 Jul-Aug;13(4):S130-4.
Heart failure causes significant morbidity and mortality in women, especially elderly women. Risk factors for the development of heart failure in women differ from those in men, with hypertension and diabetes playing a greater role in women and ischemic heart disease a greater role in men. However, the risk of developing heart failure after symptomatic myocardial infarction is higher in women than in men. Data from the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Registry suggest that event rates after the diagnosis of heart failure are greater in women than in men. Only 13% of the patients included in the major heart failure mortality trails were women, and data for the women in these trials have not been reported separately. The survival of women who have undergone heart transplantation is similar to that of men; however, women have more rejection and are more likely to require maintenance corticosteroid therapy. Data are critically needed to determine whether the treatment of heart failure in women, whether medically or by heart transplantation, requires a special approach.
心力衰竭在女性尤其是老年女性中会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。女性发生心力衰竭的危险因素与男性不同，高血压和糖尿病在女性中作用更大，而缺血性心脏病在男性中作用更大。然而，有症状心肌梗死后女性发生心力衰竭的风险高于男性。左心室功能障碍登记研究的数据表明，心力衰竭诊断后的事件发生率女性高于男性。主要心力衰竭死亡率试验纳入的患者中只有13%为女性，且这些试验中女性的数据未单独报告。接受心脏移植的女性的生存率与男性相似；然而，女性更容易出现排斥反应，更可能需要维持性皮质类固醇治疗。迫切需要数据来确定女性心力衰竭的治疗，无论是药物治疗还是心脏移植治疗，是否需要特殊方法。
