Nyland J A, Shapiro R, Stine R L, Horn T S, Ireland M L
Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994 Sep;20(3):132-7. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1994.20.3.132.
Fatigue may be related to lower extremity injury. The effect of lower extremity fatigue on ground reaction force production, lower extremity kinematics, and muscle activation during the landing phase of a run and rapid stop was investigated. Subjects were 19 female, Division 1 collegiate basketball and volleyball players (mean age = 20.8 +/- 1.8 years, mean weight = 71.7 +/- 6.9 kg, mean height = 174 +/- 5 cm). Dominant leg ground reaction and muscle activation data were sampled at 2,000 Hz. Lower extremity kinematic data were sampled at 200 Hz, and three-dimensional analysis was performed. Knee extensor/flexor muscle activation tended to be delayed during fatigue (p < or = .08). Maximum knee flexion tended to occur earlier during fatigue (p < or = .09). Step-wise multiple regression suggested that the knee may be the primary site of force attenuation following fatigue. During fatigue, biodynamical compensations in the mechanical properties of the knee extensor musculature, as evidenced by differences in knee kinematics and muscle activation times, may occur to enhance knee stability.
疲劳可能与下肢损伤有关。本研究调查了下肢疲劳对跑步和急停落地阶段地面反作用力产生、下肢运动学及肌肉激活的影响。受试者为19名一级大学女子篮球和排球运动员（平均年龄 = 20.8 ± 1.8岁，平均体重 = 71.7 ± 6.9千克，平均身高 = 174 ± 5厘米）。优势腿地面反作用力和肌肉激活数据以2000赫兹的频率采样。下肢运动学数据以200赫兹的频率采样，并进行三维分析。疲劳期间，膝伸肌/屈肌的肌肉激活往往延迟（p ≤ 0.08）。疲劳期间，最大屈膝往往更早发生（p ≤ 0.09）。逐步多元回归表明，疲劳后膝关节可能是力衰减的主要部位。在疲劳期间，膝伸肌肌肉组织力学特性的生物动力学补偿可能会出现，这通过膝关节运动学和肌肉激活时间的差异得以证明，其目的可能是增强膝关节稳定性。
