Stocks J, Dezateux C A, Jackson E A, Hoo A F, Costeloe K L, Wade A M
Portex Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Respiratory Medicine Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Nov;150(5 Pt 1):1347-54. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.150.5.7952563.
During recent years there has been increasing interest in the measurement of tidal breathing parameters, such as the time to reach peak tidal expiratory flow as a proportion of total expiratory time (TPTEF:TE), and their application to population-based studies of the determinants of early respiratory morbidity. However, little is known about factors influencing the within and between-subject variability of these parameters. This study examines the influence of sedation on TPTEF:TE, estimates the optimal number of breaths and breath epochs required to measure TPTEF:TE, and assesses short-term repeatability of this parameter during the first year of life, taking account of age-related differences. Measurements were made in 266 healthy infants and young children (1 d to 19 mo old). Mean (SD) TPTEF:TE fell from 0.49 (0.11) in the first 2 wk of life to 0.34 (0.09) by 5 to 8 wk, remaining similar thereafter. Sedation with triclofos sodium (75 mg/kg) had no significant effect on TPTEF:TE, which was 0.33 (0.10) in 23 unsedated 6-wk-old infants and 0.32 (0.08) in 49 sedated infants of similar age and weight (95% CI for the difference: -0.05, 0.04). At least 10 breaths in each of two separate epochs from each infant were required to provide a representative estimate of TPTEF:TE. The mean (SD) difference between repeat measurements made 5 to 108 min apart was 0.02 (0.08) in 34 infants younger than 6 wk of age (95% limits of agreement: -0.15, 0.18) and -0.01 (0.04) (95% limits of agreement -0.09, 0.08) in 30 infants 6 wk and older.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
近年来，人们对潮气呼吸参数的测量越来越感兴趣，比如达到呼气潮流量峰值的时间占总呼气时间的比例（TPTEF:TE），以及将其应用于基于人群的早期呼吸道疾病决定因素研究。然而，对于影响这些参数在个体内和个体间变异性的因素，人们了解甚少。本研究考察了镇静对TPTEF:TE的影响，估计测量TPTEF:TE所需的最佳呼吸次数和呼吸时段数，并考虑到年龄相关差异，评估该参数在生命第一年的短期重复性。对266名健康婴幼儿（1天至19个月大）进行了测量。TPTEF:TE的均值（标准差）从出生后头2周的0.49（0.11）降至5至8周时的0.34（0.09），此后保持相似。用三氯福司钠（75毫克/千克）镇静对TPTEF:TE无显著影响，23名未镇静的6周龄婴儿的TPTEF:TE为0.33（0.10），49名年龄和体重相似的镇静婴儿的TPTEF:TE为0.32（0.08）（差异的95%置信区间：-0.05，0.04）。每个婴儿的两个独立时段中各至少需要10次呼吸，才能提供TPTEF:TE的代表性估计值。在34名6周龄以下婴儿中，间隔5至108分钟进行的重复测量的平均（标准差）差异为0.02（0.08）（一致性界限的95%：-0.15，0.18），在30名6周龄及以上婴儿中为-0.01（0.04）（一致性界限的95%：-0.09，0.08）。（摘要截短于250字）
