Winder C, Agrawal M R
Department of Safety Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Qual Assur. 1993 Dec;2(4):386-95.
Currently, no toxicity classification system exists in any formal sense for dermal and inhalational toxicities (the main routes of exposure in occupational environments), and, different criteria are used by regulatory agencies in the classification of toxicity by these routes. Therefore, a comparison of the acute toxicity information available for 582 chemicals with exposure standards was made with a view to establishing such a toxicity classification system. By sorting data on the basis of oral toxicity values, and dividing these values into toxicity classes (such as slightly toxic, very toxic, supertoxic), a strong correlation was found to exist between oral and dermal toxicity values, and oral and inhalational toxicity values. Indeed, overlap across toxicity classes was very small, and in most cases, clear demarcations existed. A toxicity classification system is proposed from these data. This classification system is based on a comparison of actual toxicity data, and is a true reflection of the interrelationships between oral, dermal, and inhalational toxicities.
目前，对于皮肤毒性和吸入毒性（职业环境中的主要暴露途径），不存在任何正式意义上的毒性分类系统，而且监管机构在按这些途径进行毒性分类时使用的标准也各不相同。因此，为了建立这样一个毒性分类系统，对582种化学品的急性毒性信息与暴露标准进行了比较。通过根据口服毒性值对数据进行排序，并将这些值划分为毒性类别（如微毒、剧毒、超毒），发现口服毒性值与皮肤毒性值以及口服毒性值与吸入毒性值之间存在很强的相关性。事实上，不同毒性类别之间的重叠非常小，在大多数情况下，存在明确的界限。根据这些数据提出了一个毒性分类系统。这个分类系统基于实际毒性数据的比较，真实反映了口服、皮肤和吸入毒性之间的相互关系。
