Shenfield F
Fertility Unit, Middlesex Hospital, London, UK.
Hum Reprod. 1994 Jul;9(7):1348-54. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138708.
Filiation, or a person's parentage, is one of the major components of someone's identity, often with important implications for that person's welfare in social and personal terms. Fertility specialists are enjoined to consider the welfare of the child, and this is a legal requirement in assisted reproduction techniques in the UK. This paper is in three parts, discussing some of the potential problems regarding filiation of the prospective child born of assisted reproduction techniques, in relation to the use of gametes and embryos. The first two parts concentrate on the status of children born as a result of treatment given posthumously, and on filiation problems associated with donation of gametes or embryos, and surrogacy. The third part compares British and French legislation with special regard to the welfare of the child, as well as underlining the common trends and principles enunciated in both legislations. This is particularly appropriate at a time when the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology is about to issue ethical guidelines in assisted reproduction, and when both the Council of Europe and the European Commission have commissioned studies on the implications of the assisted techniques, including those concerning status of the potential children.
亲子关系，即一个人的出身，是个人身份的主要组成部分之一，通常对其社会和个人福祉有着重要影响。生育专家有责任考虑孩子的福祉，这在英国是辅助生殖技术方面的一项法律要求。本文分为三个部分，探讨与辅助生殖技术所生孩子的亲子关系相关的一些潜在问题，涉及配子和胚胎的使用。前两部分着重探讨因死后治疗而出生的孩子的身份状况，以及与配子或胚胎捐赠及代孕相关的亲子关系问题。第三部分比较了英国和法国在儿童福利方面的立法，并强调了两国立法中阐明的共同趋势和原则。在欧洲人类生殖与胚胎学会即将发布辅助生殖伦理准则之际，以及欧洲委员会和欧洲理事会都已委托开展关于辅助技术影响（包括那些与潜在儿童身份有关的影响）的研究之时，这样做尤为恰当。
