Fagon J Y, Novara A, Stephan F, Girou E, Safar M
Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Broussais, Paris, France.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1994 Jul;15(7):428-34. doi: 10.1086/646946.
Although a direct relationship between nosocomial infection and mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients has not always been demonstrated formally, it is possible to conclude that nosocomial infections increase the risk of death in critically ill patients. A more precise analysis indicates that: 1) this effect is highly probable for pneumonia, doubtful for bacteremia, and uncertain for urinary tract infection; 2) risk increases with duration of stay in the ICU; 3) bacterial etiology modifies the risk; and 4) this effect is stronger in less severely ill patients, probably because the severity of underlying disease remains the most significant factor.
虽然重症监护病房（ICU）患者的医院感染与死亡率之间的直接关系并非总是得到正式证实，但可以得出结论，医院感染会增加重症患者的死亡风险。更精确的分析表明：1）这种影响在肺炎中极有可能，在菌血症中存疑，在尿路感染中不确定；2）风险随着在ICU的住院时间延长而增加；3）细菌病因会改变风险；4）这种影响在病情较轻的患者中更强，可能是因为基础疾病的严重程度仍然是最重要的因素。
