Stermer B A, Bianchini G M, Korth K L
Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73402.
J Lipid Res. 1994 Jul;35(7):1133-40.
This brief review summarizes the current literature on the regulation of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) in plants. The mevalonate pathway, which starts with the synthesis of mevalonate by HMGR, has more branch pathways in plants than in most other organisms, leading to a tremendous variety of isoprenoid products. Evidence suggests that HMGR is an important control point for the synthesis of many of these plant isoprenoids, including some that are vital for primary metabolism and pest resistance. Plant HMGR activity responds in vivo to a variety of developmental and environmental signals, such as cell division, light, and infection. Plants regulate HMGR activity at the level of mRNA by differential induction of HMGR gene family members, and posttranslationally by enzyme modification. Calcium, calmodulin, and proteolytic degradation may also have a role in regulation of plant HMGR.
本简要综述总结了当前关于植物中3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGR）调控的文献。甲羟戊酸途径由HMGR合成甲羟戊酸起始，与大多数其他生物相比，该途径在植物中有更多分支途径，可产生种类繁多的类异戊二烯产物。有证据表明，HMGR是许多此类植物类异戊二烯合成的重要控制点，包括一些对初级代谢和抗虫性至关重要的类异戊二烯。植物HMGR活性在体内对多种发育和环境信号作出反应，如细胞分裂、光照和感染。植物通过对HMGR基因家族成员的差异诱导在mRNA水平调控HMGR活性，并通过酶修饰在翻译后进行调控。钙、钙调蛋白和蛋白水解降解可能也在植物HMGR的调控中发挥作用。
