Yoshida T, Yamanaka K, Atsumi S, Tsumura H, Sasaki R, Tomita K, Ishikawa E, Ozawa H, Watanabe K, Totsuka T
Department of Physiology, Mie University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Endocrinol. 1994 Sep;142(3):435-46. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1420435.
This paper describes a novel mutant mouse that has been spontaneously derived from the Snell's dwarf (DW/J) mouse. It was named the 'growth-retarded mouse' because of a characteristic growth pause followed by the delayed onset of pubertal growth. The onset of the increase in pituitary GH content that normally occurs concomitant with pubertal growth was also delayed in the growth-retarded mice. The serum concentration of thyroxine was very low in these mice from the neonatal period through adulthood, and a supplement of tri-iodothyronine was effective in shortening the growth pause and commencing the suppressed pubertal growth. Histological and immunohistochemical studies revealed that the anterior pituitary gland of the growth-retarded mouse contains clustered unusual chromophobic cells which are not reactive to various antisera against anterior pituitary hormones and the gland becomes enlarged with age. Breeding data indicated that these characteristics of the mice show an autosomal recessive inheritance and the gene responsible was designated as 'grm'. Partial linkage analysis utilizing microsatellite polymorphism demonstrated that the grm gene does not identify with the lit or hyt genes. Based on comparison of the hormonal status and growth pattern between growth-retarded, dwarf and normal mice, we have suggested the existence of a mutual interaction, possibly positive feedback regulation, between the pituitary and thyroid glands, that develops or matures the hormonal network which is responsible for rapid somatic growth and metabolic changes at puberty in mice.
本文描述了一种从斯内尔侏儒（DW/J）小鼠自发衍生而来的新型突变小鼠。因其具有特征性的生长停滞，随后青春期生长延迟，故被命名为“生长迟缓小鼠”。在生长迟缓小鼠中，通常与青春期生长同时发生的垂体生长激素含量增加的起始也延迟了。从新生期到成年期，这些小鼠的血清甲状腺素浓度都非常低，补充三碘甲状腺原氨酸可有效缩短生长停滞并启动受抑制的青春期生长。组织学和免疫组织化学研究表明，生长迟缓小鼠的垂体前叶含有聚集的异常嫌色细胞，这些细胞对各种抗垂体前叶激素的抗血清无反应，且该腺体随年龄增长而增大。繁殖数据表明，这些小鼠的这些特征表现为常染色体隐性遗传，负责的基因被命名为“grm”。利用微卫星多态性进行的部分连锁分析表明，grm基因与lit或hyt基因不相同。基于对生长迟缓小鼠、侏儒小鼠和正常小鼠之间激素状态和生长模式的比较，我们推测垂体和甲状腺之间存在相互作用，可能是正反馈调节，这种调节形成或成熟了负责小鼠青春期快速体细胞生长和代谢变化的激素网络。
