Guo W, Gregg J P, Fonkalsrud E W
Division of Pediatric Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-690318.
J Pediatr Surg. 1994 Aug;29(8):1030-3; discussion 1033-4. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(94)90273-9.
Maternal ingestion of alcohol is believed to be one factor that greatly influences the development of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and postnatal growth failure. The present study was undertaken to determine whether maternally ingested alcohol adversely affects fetal growth and intestinal mucosal function. Five time-mated New Zealand white rabbit does were given ethanol intravenously (ETH group) (30% vol/vol; 1.0 g/kg/d) on gestational days (GD) 15 through 29 (term, 31 days). Two other rabbits received the same dose of ethanol. Maternal, fetal, and amniotic fluid alcohol levels were measured on GD 24. Four control rabbits (SH group) received normal saline (25 mL, intravenously). At term, the animals were delivered by cesarean section and killed. Seventeen of the 42 ETH fetuses survived the study period (43%); all 24 SH fetuses survived. On GD 24, within 60 minutes after maternal ethanol infusion, the fetal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) increased to 153 +/- 1.97 mg/dL (v maternal, 179 +/- 1.75 mg/dL); the amniotic ethanol level increased to 46 +/- 1.32 mg/dL. Birth weight was lower in the ETH group (46.88 +/- 2.21 g) than in the SH group (55.78 +/- 1.80 g) (P < .01). Disaccharidase activity, an indicator of intestinal mucosal function, showed that lactase activity (per milligram of protein) was significantly lower in ETH fetuses (2.60 x 10(-2) +/- 0.22 UE/mg) than in SH fetuses (3.50 x 10(-2) +/- 0.25 UE/mg) (P = .01); maltase activity and protein content were not affected significantly. This report provides the first description of the adverse effects of maternal alcohol ingestion on the small intestinal mucosal function of the fetal rabbit.
母体摄入酒精被认为是极大影响宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）和出生后生长发育不良的一个因素。本研究旨在确定母体摄入酒精是否会对胎儿生长和肠黏膜功能产生不利影响。将五只经五次配种的新西兰白兔母兔在妊娠第15天至29天（足月为31天）静脉注射乙醇（ETH组）（30%体积/体积；1.0克/千克/天）。另外两只兔子接受相同剂量的乙醇。在妊娠第24天测量母体、胎儿和羊水的酒精水平。四只对照兔（SH组）静脉注射生理盐水（25毫升）。足月时，通过剖宫产分娩并杀死动物。42只ETH组胎儿中有17只在研究期内存活（43%）；所有24只SH组胎儿均存活。在妊娠第24天，母体输注乙醇后60分钟内，胎儿血酒精浓度（BAC）升至153±1.97毫克/分升（母体为179±1.75毫克/分升）；羊水乙醇水平升至46±1.32毫克/分升。ETH组出生体重（46.88±2.21克）低于SH组（55.78±1.80克）（P<0.01）。作为肠黏膜功能指标的双糖酶活性显示，ETH组胎儿乳糖酶活性（每毫克蛋白质）（2.60×10⁻²±0.22单位酶/mg）显著低于SH组胎儿（3.50×10⁻²±0.25单位酶/mg）（P = 0.01）；麦芽糖酶活性和蛋白质含量未受到显著影响。本报告首次描述了母体摄入酒精对胎兔小肠黏膜功能的不利影响。
