Packman A, Onslow M, van Doorn J
School of Communication Disorders, University of Sydney, Australia.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Aug;37(4):724-37. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3704.724.
Prolonged speech and its variants are a group of novel speech patterns that form the basis of a popular treatment for stuttering (Ingham, 1984). It is difficult to determine which features of prolonged speech are necessary for the elimination of stuttered speech because the speech pattern produces simultaneous changes in respiratory, laryngeal, and articulatory activity. Experimental studies have shown that the modification of phonation and of speech rate contributes to stuttering reduction, and increased duration of speech segments and reduced variability of vowel duration are known to occur as a result of prolonged-speech treatment programs. However, previous studies of prolonged speech have all instructed subjects to modify their customary speech patterns in a particular way. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in the speech pattern of individual subjects when stuttering was modified with prolonged speech without specific instruction in how this should be done. In one experimental phase, 3 subjects showed clinically significant stuttering reductions when instructed to use whichever features of prolonged speech they needed to reduce their stuttering. The resulting perceptually stutter-free speech was judged to be natural sounding. Stuttering in a fourth subject reduced without experimental intervention. Recordings of acoustic and electroglottographic signals from the 4 subjects were analyzed. Changes in the variability of vowel duration occurred in all subjects. Theoretical and clinical implications of the results are discussed.
延长语音及其变体是一组新颖的言语模式，构成了一种流行的口吃治疗方法的基础（英厄姆，1984年）。由于这种言语模式会在呼吸、喉部和发音活动中同时产生变化，因此很难确定延长语音的哪些特征对于消除口吃语音是必要的。实验研究表明，发声和语速的改变有助于减少口吃，并且已知延长语音治疗方案会导致语音片段时长增加以及元音时长变异性降低。然而，以往对延长语音的研究都指示受试者以特定方式改变其惯常的言语模式。本研究的目的是调查在未给予关于如何进行延长语音治疗的具体指示的情况下，当通过延长语音来改善口吃时个体受试者言语模式的变化。在一个实验阶段，3名受试者在被指示使用他们所需的任何延长语音特征来减少口吃时，口吃出现了临床上显著的减少。由此产生的在感知上无口吃的语音被判定听起来自然。第四名受试者的口吃在没有实验干预的情况下也有所减少。对这4名受试者的声学和电声门图信号记录进行了分析。所有受试者的元音时长变异性均出现了变化。讨论了结果的理论和临床意义。
