Holmes L C, Leeper H A, Nicholson I R
Department of Speech Pathology, Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Aug;37(4):789-99. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3704.789.
This study examined laryngeal airway resistance (RLAW) in 10 healthy male and 10 female subjects within three age groups (55:0-64:11; 65:0-74:11; and 75:0+ years). A noninvasive procedure (Smitheran & Hixon, 1981) was employed to investigate RLAW at four vocal sound pressure levels (SPL) (25th, 50th, 75th percentiles of the SPL range, and comfortable voice level [CV]), RLAW values for the oldest group of females were found to be higher at each SPL percentile than those of the two younger age groups. The oldest group of males differed from the youngest group of males in RLAW values only at the 75th percentile level of SPL. Laryngeal airway resistance values were higher for females than males. As a group, the females generally had transglottal airflow that increased or remained relatively steady, whereas males maintained more linear changes in transglottal airflow and transglottal pressure as relative SPL increased. The present results suggest that separate norms need to be employed for males and females when determining RLAW values. Further, consideration should be given to examining the underlying airflow and pressure values when evaluating or monitoring changes in aerodynamic activity during voice production.
本研究检测了10名健康男性和10名健康女性在三个年龄组（55:0 - 64:11；65:0 - 74:11；75:0岁及以上）中的喉气道阻力（RLAW）。采用一种非侵入性程序（斯米瑟兰和希克森，1981年），在四个嗓音声压级（SPL）（SPL范围的第25、50、75百分位数，以及舒适嗓音水平[CV]）下研究RLAW。结果发现，在每个SPL百分位数下，年龄最大的女性组的RLAW值均高于两个较年轻年龄组。年龄最大的男性组与最年轻的男性组相比，仅在SPL的第75百分位数水平上RLAW值存在差异。女性的喉气道阻力值高于男性。总体而言，女性的经声门气流增加或保持相对稳定，而随着相对SPL的增加，男性的经声门气流和经声门压力保持更线性的变化。目前的结果表明，在确定RLAW值时，需要为男性和女性采用不同的标准。此外，在评估或监测发声过程中空气动力学活动的变化时，应考虑检查潜在的气流和压力值。
