背部强化锻炼对49至65岁健康女性姿势的影响。

Effect of back-strengthening exercise on posture in healthy women 49 to 65 years of age.

作者信息

Itoi E, Sinaki M

机构信息

Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905.

出版信息

Mayo Clin Proc. 1994 Nov;69(11):1054-9. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61372-x.

DOI:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61372-x

PMID:7967758

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of back-strengthening exercise on posture in 60 healthy estrogen-deficient women.

DESIGN

The 60 study subjects were randomly assigned to either an exercise or a control group, and various factors were assessed at time of enrollment in the study and at 2-year follow-up.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The 32 women in the exercise group were instructed in progressive back-strengthening exercises, whereas the 28 women in the control group had no exercise prescription and were asked to continue their usual physical and dietary activities. At baseline and 2-year follow-up examinations, back extensor strength was measured with a strain-gauge dynamometer, and lateral roentgenograms of the thoracic and lumbar areas of the spine were obtained to measure the angles of thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and sacral inclination. The changes in radiographic measurements and back extensor strength were analyzed statistically.

RESULTS

Back extensor strength increased significantly in both the exercise and the control groups, but no radiographic measurements were significantly different between these groups. The significant increase in back extensor strength in both groups of healthy women suggested that the original grouping did not accurately reflect the amount of exercise. Thus, the 60 subjects were reclassified for comparison on the basis of increase in back extensor strength--27 with more than or equal to the mean increase of 21.1 kg and 33 with less than 21.1 kg. Furthermore, each of these groups of subjects was subdivided on the basis of degree of thoracic kyphosis. Among the subjects with substantial thoracic kyphosis, those with a significant increase in back extensor strength had a significant decrease in thoracic kyphosis (-2.8 +/- 4.2 degrees; P = 0.041), whereas those with a small increase in strength had a nonsignificant increase in thoracic kyphosis (1.8 +/- 5.3 degrees). The increase in back extensor strength did not seem to affect mild degrees of kyphosis.

CONCLUSION

Increasing the back extensor strength in healthy estrogen-deficient women helps decrease thoracic kyphosis.

摘要

目的

评估强化背部锻炼对60名健康雌激素缺乏女性姿势的影响。

设计

60名研究对象被随机分为锻炼组或对照组，并在研究入组时和2年随访时评估各种因素。

材料与方法

锻炼组的32名女性接受渐进式背部强化锻炼指导，而对照组的28名女性没有锻炼处方，被要求继续其日常的身体活动和饮食活动。在基线和2年随访检查时，用应变片式测力计测量背部伸肌力量，并获取脊柱胸段和腰段的侧位X线片以测量胸椎后凸角、腰椎前凸角和骶骨倾斜角。对影像学测量结果和背部伸肌力量的变化进行统计学分析。

结果

锻炼组和对照组的背部伸肌力量均显著增加，但两组之间的影像学测量结果无显著差异。两组健康女性背部伸肌力量的显著增加表明，最初的分组并未准确反映锻炼量。因此，根据背部伸肌力量的增加情况对60名受试者重新分类以进行比较——27名增加量大于或等于平均增加量21.1千克，33名增加量小于21.1千克。此外，这些受试者每组又根据胸椎后凸程度进行了细分。在胸椎后凸明显的受试者中，背部伸肌力量显著增加的受试者胸椎后凸显著减小（-2.8±4.2度；P=0.041），而力量增加较小的受试者胸椎后凸增加不显著（1.8±5.3度）。背部伸肌力量的增加似乎对轻度后凸没有影响。