Sarosi G A, Davies S F
Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1994 Nov;69(11):1111-7. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61381-0.
In the past, few pharmacologic agents were available for management of fungal disease. After the early introduction of amphotericin B and miconazole, the more recent advent of several new antifungal agents, including ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole has expanded the options for treatment of fungal infections. The dramatic increase in number of immunocompromised patients--both those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and those with immunosuppression for other reasons, such as organ transplantation--emphasizes the importance of therapeutic strategies for combating systemic mycoses. In this article, we review our personal recommendations for treating histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis, along with other less common fungal infections, and discuss the efficacy and toxic effects of the various antifungal drugs.
过去，可用于治疗真菌病的药物很少。在早期引入两性霉素B和咪康唑之后，包括酮康唑、氟康唑和伊曲康唑在内的几种新型抗真菌药物的出现，扩大了真菌感染的治疗选择。免疫功能低下患者数量急剧增加——包括获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者以及因其他原因（如器官移植）而免疫抑制的患者——凸显了对抗系统性真菌病治疗策略的重要性。在本文中，我们回顾了我们个人对治疗组织胞浆菌病、芽生菌病、球孢子菌病和隐球菌病以及其他不太常见真菌感染的建议，并讨论了各种抗真菌药物的疗效和毒副作用。
