Sarosi G A, DAvies S F
Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA.
West J Med. 1996 Apr;164(4):335-40.
Persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are prone to the development of many fungal diseases. Normal hosts with intact immunity usually recover from infection by these less-invasive fungi. In persons with compromised T-cell-mediated immunity, however, widespread dissemination from a pulmonary focus occurs. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of the three major North American mycoses, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis. In most cases, amphotericin B is the initial drug of choice, followed by one of the azoles for lifelong maintenance therapy.
感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的人容易患上多种真菌疾病。免疫功能正常的健康宿主通常能从这些侵袭性较小的真菌感染中康复。然而，在T细胞介导的免疫功能受损的人群中，感染会从肺部病灶广泛播散。在这篇综述中，我们讨论北美三种主要真菌病，即组织胞浆菌病、芽生菌病和球孢子菌病的流行病学、临床表现、诊断和治疗。在大多数情况下，两性霉素B是初始治疗的首选药物，随后使用一种唑类药物进行终身维持治疗。
