Predebon J
University of Sydney, Australia.
Percept Psychophys. 1994 Aug;56(2):238-47. doi: 10.3758/bf03213902.
In three experiments, I examined the claim (Gogel, 1969; Gogel & Newton, 1969) that familiar objects viewed under reduced stimulus conditions frequently appear to be off-sized (i.e., larger or smaller than normal). In Experiments 1 and 2, I presented images of different familiar objects, one at a time, at distances of 1 and 2 m from the observers. The images were normal-, large-, or small-sized versions of familiar objects, and the observers judged the perceived size of each object relative to its familiar normal size. In Experiment 3, I presented normal-, large-, and small-sized versions of the same familiar object at physical distances of 1 and 2 m. The pattern of size results was similar across the three experiments. In general, normal-sized objects appeared normal-to small-sized at the 1-m distance and small-sized at the 2-m distance; small-sized objects appeared small-sized at the 1-m distance and even smaller at the 2-m distance; and large-sized objects appeared normal- to large-sized at the 1-m distance and normal- to small-sized at the 2-m distance. The distance results of Experiment 3 indicated that familiar size was an effective determinant of reported distance. These results are consistent with Gogel's theory of off-sized perceptions and, more generally, with the claim that familiar size is not an important determinant of perceived size.
在三项实验中，我检验了这样一种说法（戈格尔，1969年；戈格尔和牛顿，1969年），即在减少刺激条件下观察到的熟悉物体常常看起来尺寸异常（即比正常尺寸大或小）。在实验1和实验2中，我每次向观察者呈现不同熟悉物体的图像，这些图像距离观察者1米和2米。图像是熟悉物体的正常尺寸、大尺寸或小尺寸版本，观察者判断每个物体相对于其熟悉的正常尺寸的感知大小。在实验3中，我在1米和2米的实际距离呈现同一熟悉物体的正常尺寸、大尺寸和小尺寸版本。三项实验的尺寸结果模式相似。一般来说，正常尺寸的物体在1米距离处看起来正常到小尺寸，在2米距离处看起来小尺寸；小尺寸的物体在1米距离处看起来小尺寸，在2米距离处看起来更小；大尺寸的物体在1米距离处看起来正常到大尺寸，在2米距离处看起来正常到小尺寸。实验3的距离结果表明，熟悉的尺寸是报告距离的一个有效决定因素。这些结果与戈格尔的异常尺寸感知理论一致，更普遍地说，与熟悉的尺寸不是感知大小的重要决定因素这一说法一致。
