Michener W, Rozin P
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6196.
Physiol Behav. 1994 Sep;56(3):419-22. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90283-6.
This is the first experimental study directed at differentiating between physiological or sensory accounts of the satiation of nondrug cravings, using chocolate craving, the most common craving in North America. At the onset of craving, chocolate cravers consumed a chocolate bar, the caloric equivalent in "white chocolate" (containing none of the pharmacological components of chocolate), the pharmacological equivalent in cocoa capsules, placebo, and no treatment conditions had virtually no effect. White chocolate produced partial abatement, unchanged by the addition of all the pharmacological factors in cocoa. This result indicates no role for pharmacological effects in the satisfaction of chocolate craving. It also suggests a role for aroma independent of sweetness, texture, and calories.
这是第一项针对区分非药物性渴望满足的生理或感官解释的实验研究，该研究使用北美最常见的渴望——对巧克力的渴望。在渴望开始时，巧克力渴望者食用了一块巧克力、热量相当的“白巧克力”（不含巧克力的任何药理成分）、可可胶囊的药理等效物、安慰剂，而不进行治疗的情况几乎没有效果。白巧克力产生了部分缓解，添加可可中的所有药理因素后并无变化。这一结果表明药理作用在满足巧克力渴望方面没有作用。它还表明了香气独立于甜度、质地和热量的作用。
