Ozgentaş H E, Shenaq S, Spira M
Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 Dec;94(7):1012-7; 1025-6 discussion.
To investigate the suitability of the rat TRAM flap model for human TRAM flap research, we designed four different TRAM flaps with 10 x 3 cm rectangular skin paddles in rats: type 1 (n = 6), superior TRAM flap with unilateral superior rectus muscle pedicle; type 2 (n = 6), superior TRAM flap with unilateral inferior rectus muscle pedicle; type 3 (n = 6), inferior TRAM flap with unilateral superior rectus muscle pedicle; and type 4 (n = 6), inferior TRAM flap with unilateral inferior rectus muscle pedicle. We elevated and sutured back the TRAM flaps and measured the survival skin paddle areas. Our study demonstrated that in the rat TRAM flap model, the superior deep epigastric vessels are a more important source of vascularity for the skin paddle than the inferior deep epigastric vessels. A 5-cm lateral extension from the midvertical line was enough to cause some distal necrosis in every flap. A cephalically placed, inferiorly pedicled rat TRAM flap (type 2) has the smallest area of skin paddle survival; we concluded, therefore, that this flap placement is the most suitable for TRAM flap research.
为研究大鼠横行腹直肌肌皮瓣（TRAM瓣）模型用于人体TRAM瓣研究的适用性，我们在大鼠身上设计了四种不同的TRAM瓣，其皮岛为10×3 cm的矩形：1型（n = 6），带单侧腹直肌上蒂的上腹直肌肌皮瓣；2型（n = 6），带单侧腹直肌下蒂的上腹直肌肌皮瓣；3型（n = 6），带单侧腹直肌上蒂的下腹直肌肌皮瓣；4型（n = 6），带单侧腹直肌下蒂的下腹直肌肌皮瓣。我们掀起TRAM瓣并将其缝合回原处，测量皮岛存活面积。我们的研究表明，在大鼠TRAM瓣模型中，腹壁上深血管对皮岛来说是比腹壁下深血管更重要的血供来源。从垂直中线向外侧延伸5 cm足以导致每个皮瓣出现一些远端坏死。头部放置、蒂在下的大鼠TRAM瓣（2型）皮岛存活面积最小；因此，我们得出结论，这种皮瓣放置最适合TRAM瓣研究。
