Alderman B W, Bradley C M, Greene C, Fernbach S K, Barón A E
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Teratology. 1994 Jul;50(1):13-8. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420500103.
We analyzed data from a population-based case control study to determine whether maternal prenatal smoking or alcohol drinking might increase the risk of craniosynostosis. Between 1986 and 1989, the Colorado Craniosynostosis Registry ascertained 233 children whose diagnoses were confirmed by an independent radiologist. Of the 212 (91%) cases who participated 86 had lambdoid, 69 had sagittal, 25 had coronal, 18 had metopic, and 14 had multiple suture synostosis. Random sampling of birth certificate records yielded 367 eligible controls, of whom 291 (79%) participated. Study staff interviewed case and control mothers between 1989 and 1991 for prenatal smoking and alcohol drinking. We used Mantel-Haenszel and polychotomous logistic regression techniques to estimate the relative odds of craniosynostosis for smoking and drinking in all cases and in relevant case subgroups. Smoking was associated with a relative odds of craniosynostosis of 1.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.6). For smoking of more than one pack per day, the relative odds were 3.5 (1.5-8.4) for all types of synostosis combined, and 5.6 (2.1-15.3) for coronal synostosis. No strong or significant association was noted for drinking. Maternal prenatal smoking may increase the risk of craniosynostosis in this population.
我们分析了一项基于人群的病例对照研究的数据，以确定母亲孕期吸烟或饮酒是否可能增加颅缝早闭的风险。1986年至1989年间，科罗拉多颅缝早闭登记处确定了233名儿童，其诊断由一名独立放射科医生确认。在参与研究的212例（91%）病例中，86例为枕骨人字缝型，69例为矢状缝型，25例为冠状缝型，18例为额缝型，14例为多缝型颅缝早闭。对出生证明记录进行随机抽样，得到367名符合条件的对照者，其中291名（79%）参与了研究。研究人员在1989年至1991年间对病例组和对照组的母亲进行了访谈，询问她们孕期吸烟和饮酒的情况。我们使用Mantel-Haenszel法和多分类逻辑回归技术来估计所有病例以及相关病例亚组中吸烟和饮酒导致颅缝早闭的相对比值比。吸烟与颅缝早闭的相对比值比为1.7（95%置信区间为1.2 - 2.6）。对于每天吸烟超过一包的情况，所有类型颅缝早闭合并的相对比值比为3.5（1.5 - 8.4），冠状缝型颅缝早闭的相对比值比为5.6（2.1 - 15.3）。未发现饮酒与颅缝早闭有强关联或显著关联。母亲孕期吸烟可能会增加该人群患颅缝早闭的风险。
