Nishida S, Ashida H, Sato T
Information Science Research Laboratory, NTT Basic Research Laboratories, Kanagawa, Japan.
Vision Res. 1994 Oct;34(20):2707-16. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(94)90227-5.
It has been suggested that motion aftereffect with static test patterns (static MAE) reflects activities at a lower level system that dominantly processes first-order motion, while MAE with a directionally ambiguous test (flicker MAE) reveals a higher level system where second-order motion signals as well as first-order signals are available. To test this hypothesis, we examined interocular transfer of static and flicker MAE. Flicker MAE should transfer more efficiently than static MAE if it occurs at a higher level system. In the first experiment, the adaptation stimulus was a drifting luminance grating (first-order motion), or a drifting grating defined by flicker or texture difference (second-order motion). The test stimulus was a luminance grating, either static or counterphasing. The results indicated that static MAE, which was induced only by first-order motion, transferred partially, as has been reported in previous studies, but the transfer of flicker MAE was nearly perfect with either first- or second-order adaptation stimuli. The second experiment with varied adaptation contrast indicated that this complete transfer was not due to a ceiling effect. These results supported the hypothesis that the underlying mechanism for flicker MAE is located at a level higher than the mechanism for static MAE.
有人提出，使用静态测试图案的运动后效（静态运动后效）反映了主要处理一阶运动的较低层级系统的活动，而使用方向模糊测试的运动后效（闪烁运动后效）则揭示了一个较高层级系统，在该系统中二阶运动信号以及一阶信号都是可用的。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了静态和闪烁运动后效的双眼间转移。如果闪烁运动后效发生在较高层级系统，那么它应该比静态运动后效更有效地转移。在第一个实验中，适应刺激是一个漂移的亮度光栅（一阶运动），或者是由闪烁或纹理差异定义的漂移光栅（二阶运动）。测试刺激是一个亮度光栅，要么是静态的，要么是反相的。结果表明，如先前研究报道的那样，仅由一阶运动诱发的静态运动后效会部分转移，但无论是一阶还是二阶适应刺激，闪烁运动后效的转移几乎是完全的。第二个实验通过改变适应对比度表明，这种完全转移并非由于天花板效应。这些结果支持了以下假设，即闪烁运动后效的潜在机制位于比静态运动后效的机制更高的层级。
