Omer H, Alon N
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel.
Am J Community Psychol. 1994 Apr;22(2):273-87. doi: 10.1007/BF02506866.
The continuity principle stipulates that through all stages of disaster, management and treatment should aim at preserving and restoring functional, historical, and interpersonal continuities, at the individual, family, organization, and community levels. Two misconceptions work against this principle and lead to decisional errors: the "abnormalcy bias" which results in underestimating victims' ability to cope with disaster, and the "normalcy bias" which results in underestimating the probability or extent of expected disruption. This article clarifies these biases and details the potential contributions of the continuity principle at the different stages of the disaster.
连续性原则规定，在灾害的各个阶段，管理和治疗都应旨在在个人、家庭、组织和社区层面维护和恢复功能、历史及人际的连续性。有两种误解不利于这一原则并导致决策失误：“异常性偏差”，它导致低估受害者应对灾害的能力；以及“常态性偏差”，它导致低估预期破坏的可能性或程度。本文阐明了这些偏差，并详细说明了连续性原则在灾害不同阶段的潜在作用。
