Frankel M S
Program on Scientific Freedom, Responsibility and Law, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC 20005.
J Dent Res. 1994 Nov;73(11):1759-65. doi: 10.1177/00220345940730111301.
Values associated with scientific investigations affect the conduct, evaluation, and reporting of research and lead to ethical issues for scientists engaged in dental research. This essay examines the relationship between scientists and the larger society in which they work, and how that relationship defines the boundaries of scientific freedom and autonomy, on the one hand, and scientific responsibility and accountability, on the other. Values underlie disputes over data sharing, perceptions of conflict of interest, and scientists' commitment to research integrity. Professional societies, such as the IADR, can be a major influence in shaping the moral tone and ethical climate for research through the adoption of standards, the development of educational programs designed to reinforce those standards, and the public recognition of responsible conduct on the part of scientists.
与科学研究相关的价值观会影响研究的开展、评估和报告，并给从事牙科研究的科学家带来伦理问题。本文探讨了科学家与其工作所在的更广泛社会之间的关系，以及这种关系如何一方面界定了科学自由和自主性的边界，另一方面界定了科学责任和问责制的边界。价值观是数据共享争议、利益冲突认知以及科学家对研究诚信承诺的基础。像国际牙科研究协会（IADR）这样的专业协会，可以通过采用标准、制定旨在强化这些标准的教育项目以及公开认可科学家的负责任行为，对塑造研究的道德基调与伦理氛围产生重大影响。
