Fastenau H, Unruh E, Chilla R
Zentralkrankenhaus Bremen.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1994 Sep;73(9):500-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997181.
105 of 292 patients who had been laryngectomised at the Zentralkrankenhaus Bremen, between 1975 and 1990, were asked retrospectively by questionnaires concerning the state of their voice rehabilitation. 66.6% of them had learnt oesophageal speech, 36.2% used an external vibrator, and 9.4% a voice prosthesis (since 1985). 82.8% used only one kind of substitute (non-laryngeal) speech. If patients used more than one non-laryngeal speech pattern, the most frequent combination was oesophageal speech and an external vibrator. The most rapid voice rehabilitation was achieved by patients using a voice prosthesis (71.3% within six weeks). In the same period of time, 45.5% of the patients learnt to use the electronic voice aid, and only 16.1% learnt oesophageal speech. It took a whole year before all patient who eventually used oesophageal speech, had learned to handle it. Ambulant speech therapy was the predominant treatment leading to voice rehabilitation, followed by the support given by self-aid groups. A comparison of the various non-laryngeal speech patterns with regard to daily communication problems, and of the general satisfaction achieved with the type of non-laryngeal speech used, showed quantitative predominance of oesophageal speech as a positively rated method for voice restoration, even though a clear trend towards increased use of the voice prosthesis since its introduction is noticeable.
1975年至1990年间在不来梅中央医院接受喉切除术的292名患者中，有105名患者通过问卷调查被回顾性询问其语音康复状况。其中66.6%的患者学会了食管言语，36.2%的患者使用外部振动器，9.4%的患者使用语音假体（自1985年起）。82.8%的患者仅使用一种替代（非喉）言语方式。如果患者使用不止一种非喉言语模式，最常见的组合是食管言语和外部振动器。使用语音假体的患者语音康复最快（71.3%在六周内）。在同一时期，45.5%的患者学会使用电子助音器，只有16.1%的患者学会食管言语。所有最终使用食管言语的患者都花了一整年时间才学会掌握它。门诊言语治疗是导致语音康复的主要治疗方式，其次是自助小组提供的支持。对各种非喉言语模式在日常交流问题方面进行比较，以及对所使用的非喉言语类型的总体满意度进行比较，结果显示食管言语作为一种得到积极评价的语音恢复方法在数量上占优势，尽管自语音假体引入以来其使用明显呈增加趋势。
