Amin N, Ohashi Y, Chiba J, Yoshida S, Takano Y
2nd Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Niigata University School of Dentistry, Japan.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1994 Sep;31(5):332-44. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1994_031_0332_aivpot_2.3.co_2.
The alterations in the vascularization of the developing palate were studied through the use of resin cast images of vascular networks in normal and spontaneous cleft lip and palate (CL/Fr) mouse embryos (crown rump [CR] Length 9-18 mm, body wt. 0.11-0.65 g). A more dense vascular plexus was observed in the oral side than in the nasal side before the reorientation of the palatal shelves. Prominent terminal dilatations of the vascular plexus were observed in the extreme medial edge of the elevating palatal shelves which may exert significant force for palatal shelf elevation. The vascular plexus showed a lateral extension. Many small spherical masses of resin were observed in the medial edge of the palatal shelves at the time of medial extension and during fusion, indicating some changes occurring in the capillary wall leading to the resin leakage. In the spontaneous cleft group, a similar vascular pattern was observed, but the greater palatine artery showed discontinuity in the premaxillary region at an early stage. At the same time, terminal dilatations were delayed and frequently absent in the contralateral shelf. After the reorientation of the palatal shelves, the vascular plexus formed an irregular lattice pattern. Dilated vasculature was apparent in the anterior nasopalatine region, indicating the persistence of a more primitive vascular structure in the spontaneous cleft embryos. However, the area where capillary dilatation occurred was different between unilateral and bilateral cleft embryos. In conclusion, blood vessels in the palatal shelves are underdeveloped and remained immature in cleft lip and palate embryos and showed different patterns in the anterior nasopalatine region between unilateral and bilateral cleft embryos. These variant vascular patterns may be due to the inadequate blood supply to the nasopalatine region from the early embryonic stages possibly resulting from the discontinuity of the greater palatine artery.
通过使用正常和唇腭裂（CL/Fr）自发突变小鼠胚胎（冠臀长[CR]9 - 18毫米，体重0.11 - 0.65克）血管网络的树脂铸型图像，研究了发育中腭部血管形成的变化。在腭板重新定向之前，观察到口腔侧的血管丛比鼻侧更密集。在抬高的腭板的最内侧边缘观察到血管丛明显的终末扩张，这可能对腭板抬高施加显著的力。血管丛呈侧向延伸。在腭板内侧延伸和融合时，在腭板内侧边缘观察到许多小的球形树脂团块，表明毛细血管壁发生了一些变化导致树脂渗漏。在自发腭裂组中，观察到类似的血管模式，但腭大动脉在早期上颌前部区域显示连续性中断。同时，对侧腭板的终末扩张延迟且常常缺失。腭板重新定向后，血管丛形成不规则的格子状模式。在前鼻腭区域可见扩张的脉管系统，表明自发腭裂胚胎中更原始的血管结构持续存在。然而，单侧和双侧腭裂胚胎中毛细血管扩张发生的区域不同。总之，腭裂胚胎中腭板的血管发育不全且仍不成熟，并且在单侧和双侧腭裂胚胎的前鼻腭区域显示出不同的模式。这些血管模式的变异可能是由于从胚胎早期阶段起鼻腭区域血液供应不足，这可能是由于腭大动脉的连续性中断所致。
