Thomas S H, Stone C K
Department of Emergency Medicine, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
J Emerg Med. 1994 Sep-Oct;12(5):657-64. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(94)90419-7.
The complaint of headache is frequently encountered in the emergency department, but most patients with cephalalgia have a benign etiology for their pain. At least 90% of patients presenting with headache are diagnosed as suffering from benign vascular or muscle-tension (for example, migraine, tension, or mixed-type) headache. There is no consensus on the ideal therapeutic approach to these patients. Classically utilized narcotic therapy suffers from problems with efficacy, relapse, and potential for abuse and addiction. However, other agents have successively proved to be imperfect as well, despite the many therapeutic approaches that have been suggested in the medical literature. While no one drug has emerged as clearly superior for treatment of acute benign headache, recent investigations have clarified the role of certain therapies. This review is intended to familiarize emergency physicians with the latest information on most recommended therapeutic approaches to the patient with headache.
头痛主诉在急诊科经常遇到，但大多数头痛患者的疼痛病因是良性的。至少90%出现头痛症状的患者被诊断为患有良性血管性或肌肉紧张性（如偏头痛、紧张性头痛或混合型）头痛。对于这些患者的理想治疗方法尚无共识。传统使用的麻醉疗法存在疗效、复发以及滥用和成瘾可能性等问题。然而，尽管医学文献中提出了许多治疗方法，但其他药物也相继被证明并不完美。虽然没有一种药物在治疗急性良性头痛方面明显优于其他药物，但最近的研究已经明确了某些治疗方法的作用。这篇综述旨在让急诊医生熟悉关于头痛患者最推荐治疗方法的最新信息。
