Hsieh S, Allport A
Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Ming-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Aug;79(1 Pt 1):315-35. doi: 10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.315.
A method is introduced for studying shifts of attention in semantic space, testing 56 subjects in four experiments on a semantic monitoring task based on rapid, serial, visually presented (RSVP) word-sequences. Following a cue to shift attention, accuracy of semantic monitoring drops abruptly to a low level, then gradually recovers to reach preshift levels over successive stimuli in the RSVP sequence. Using this method, we compared two kinds of criterion-shifts, one requiring a set-reversal ('reversal shifts'), the other involving a shift between orthogonally defined categories ('orthogonal shifts'); no differences were found. We have also examined the difference in a shift between two different processing domains (semantic vs typographic) compared with a shift of criterion within the same processing domain. The results showed no differences for within- vs between-domain shifts. Finally, we studied the time-course of a semantic attention shift. Execution of a semantic shift did not follow an internally controlled time-course but was a direct function of the rate of stimulus presentation. No evidence was found for the operation of a 'supervisory attentional system' independent of external stimulus triggering.
本文介绍了一种研究语义空间中注意力转移的方法，在四项实验中，基于快速串行视觉呈现（RSVP）单词序列的语义监测任务，对56名受试者进行了测试。在接到转移注意力的提示后，语义监测的准确率会突然降至较低水平，然后在RSVP序列中的连续刺激下逐渐恢复到提示前的水平。使用这种方法，我们比较了两种标准转移，一种需要进行集合反转（“反转转移”），另一种涉及在正交定义的类别之间进行转移（“正交转移”）；未发现差异。我们还研究了在两个不同处理域（语义与排版）之间的转移与在同一处理域内的标准转移之间的差异。结果表明，域内转移与域间转移没有差异。最后，我们研究了语义注意力转移的时间进程。语义转移的执行并不遵循内部控制的时间进程，而是刺激呈现速率的直接函数。没有发现独立于外部刺激触发的“监督注意系统”运行的证据。
