Lewis S L, Bonner P N, Campbell M A, Cooper C L, Willard A
ANNA J. 1994 Oct;21(6):325-35; discussion 336.
The goal of this study was to examine the relationships among personality types, personal and work-related stress, coping resources, and sense of coherence (SOC) among nephrology nurses in dialysis settings. Nurses (n = 49) from 13 dialysis units in New Mexico completed a demographic data form, Perceived and Nursing Stress Scales, SOC Scale, Coping Resources Inventory, and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The results indicated that there was a positive correlation between perceived personal stress and work-related stress, especially work load. Conversely, there were negative correlations between (a) both personal and work-related stress with SOC, and (b) both coping resources and SOC with burnout. High levels of personal and work-related stress were related to inadequate coping resources. Regression analysis indicated that the main contributing factors to emotional exhaustion (a major component of burnout) were low SOC, lack of staff support, personal stress, and heavy work load. Increased utilization of coping resources may facilitate the nurses' management of personal and work-related stressors.
本研究的目的是探讨透析环境中肾病护理人员的人格类型、个人及工作相关压力、应对资源和连贯感（SOC）之间的关系。来自新墨西哥州13个透析单位的49名护士填写了一份人口统计学数据表格、感知与护理压力量表、SOC量表、应对资源量表以及迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标（MBTI）。结果表明，感知到的个人压力与工作相关压力之间存在正相关，尤其是工作量方面。相反，（a）个人压力和工作相关压力与SOC之间均存在负相关，（b）应对资源和SOC与职业倦怠之间也均存在负相关。高水平的个人压力和工作相关压力与应对资源不足有关。回归分析表明，导致情绪耗竭（职业倦怠的一个主要组成部分）的主要因素是低SOC、缺乏员工支持、个人压力和繁重的工作量。增加应对资源的利用可能有助于护士管理个人压力和工作相关压力源。
