Kotzabassaki S, Parissopoulos S
Nursing B Department, Technological Educational Institution, Athens, Greece.
EDTNA ERCA J. 2003 Oct-Dec;29(4):209-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6686.2003.tb00316.x.
Burnout is defined as "a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people in some capacity", and it can be considered as a result of long-term exposure to occupational stress. Frequently reported occupational stressors among caring professionals are those intrinsic to the job, related to patient demands, related to roles within the organisation, and those related to relationships at work and career development. In renal care however, there are some unique characteristics such as technologically advanced equipment, the intensive caring environment and the long-term relationships being established between the carer and chronic renal patients, that one should take into consideration. It seems that job resources may act as moderators to burnout. Furthermore, specific personality characteristics and socio-demographic variables seem to affect the burnout experience. Individual and social organisational means for burnout prevention and coping are discussed and suggested.
职业倦怠被定义为“一种情感耗竭、去人格化和个人成就感降低的综合征，可能发生在以某种身份与他人共事的个体中”，它可被视为长期暴露于职业压力的结果。护理专业人员中经常报告的职业压力源包括工作本身固有的压力源、与患者需求相关的压力源、与组织内角色相关的压力源以及与工作关系和职业发展相关的压力源。然而，在肾脏护理中，存在一些独特的特点，如技术先进的设备、重症护理环境以及护理人员与慢性肾病患者之间建立的长期关系，这些都应予以考虑。工作资源似乎可能是职业倦怠的调节因素。此外，特定的人格特征和社会人口统计学变量似乎会影响职业倦怠体验。文中讨论并提出了预防和应对职业倦怠的个人及社会机构方法。
