Den Besten P K
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Eastman Dental Center, Rochester, NY 14620.
Adv Dent Res. 1994 Jun;8(1):105-10. doi: 10.1177/08959374940080010201.
Several epidemiological studies, beginning with those of Dean and co-workers in the 1940's, clearly demonstrate the relationship between dental fluorosis in humans and the level of fluoride in water supplies. These studies and others have shown that, in a population, there is a direct relationship among the degree of enamel fluorosis, plasma and bone fluoride levels, and the concentration of fluoride in drinking water. However, dental fluorosis is a reflection of fluoride exposure only during the time of enamel formation, somewhat limiting its use as a biomarker. In addition, the degree of fluorosis is dependent not only on the total fluoride dose, but also on the timing and duration of fluoride exposure. At the level of an individual response to fluoride exposure, factors such as body weight, activity level, nutritional factors, and the rate of skeletal growth and remodeling are also important. These variables, along with an individual variability in response to similar doses of fluoride, indicate that enamel fluorosis cannot be used as a biological marker of the level of fluoride exposure for an individual.
从20世纪40年代迪恩及其同事开展的研究开始，多项流行病学研究清楚地表明了人类牙齿氟中毒与供水氟含量之间的关系。这些研究以及其他研究表明，在人群中，牙釉质氟中毒程度、血浆和骨骼氟含量与饮用水中氟浓度之间存在直接关系。然而，牙齿氟中毒只是牙釉质形成期间氟暴露的一种反映，这在一定程度上限制了其作为生物标志物的用途。此外，氟中毒程度不仅取决于氟的总剂量，还取决于氟暴露的时间和持续时间。在个体对氟暴露的反应层面，体重、活动水平、营养因素以及骨骼生长和重塑速率等因素也很重要。这些变量，连同个体对相似剂量氟反应的变异性，表明牙釉质氟中毒不能用作个体氟暴露水平的生物标志物。
