Odor T M, Pitt Ford T R, McDonald F
Department of Conservative Dental Surgery, United Medical and Dental Schools, Guy's Hospital, London, England.
Endod Dent Traumatol. 1994 Jun;10(3):144-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1994.tb00540.x.
The aims of this study were to investigate the effects on pulpal blood flow and anaesthesia in mandibular teeth during inferior alveolar nerve block anaesthesia using 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline in 10 adult human subjects. Local anaesthetic solution was delivered close to the inferior alveolar nerve at the mandibular foramen using a standardized nerve block technique. The pulpal blood flow of the canine and first permanent molar was monitored by a laser Doppler flowmeter. At selected times pulpal anaesthesia was tested with an electric pulp tester. The injection of 2 ml of solution caused a decrease in pulpal blood flow in both teeth in every subject. The reduction in blood flow was of shorter duration than pulpal and soft tissue anaesthesia. A period of increased blood flow following the period of reduction was noted in several subjects. The mean reduction in pulpal blood flow in the canine at 15 min was 48% and lasted for a mean of 93 min. In contrast, the mean reduction in pulpal blood flow in the molar at 15 min was 25% and of 72 min mean duration. The mean duration of pulpal anaesthesia was 114 min in the canine compared with 88 min in the molar. Full soft tissue anaesthesia lasted for a mean of 151 min, whereas complete recovery took 255 min. This study indicated that lignocaine and adrenaline in block anaesthesia acted not only at the site of injection but also within the individual teeth.
本研究旨在调查在10名成年受试者中，使用含1:80,000肾上腺素的2%利多卡因进行下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉时，对下颌牙齿牙髓血流及麻醉效果的影响。采用标准化神经阻滞技术，在下颌孔处将局部麻醉药注射至接近下牙槽神经的位置。使用激光多普勒血流仪监测尖牙和第一恒磨牙的牙髓血流。在选定时间，用电活力测试仪测试牙髓麻醉情况。每位受试者注射2毫升溶液后，两颗牙齿的牙髓血流均减少。血流减少的持续时间短于牙髓和软组织麻醉的持续时间。在几名受试者中，观察到血流减少期后出现血流增加的阶段。15分钟时，尖牙牙髓血流平均减少48%，平均持续93分钟。相比之下，15分钟时，磨牙牙髓血流平均减少25%，平均持续72分钟。尖牙牙髓麻醉的平均持续时间为114分钟，磨牙为88分钟。软组织完全麻醉平均持续151分钟，而完全恢复需要255分钟。本研究表明，阻滞麻醉中的利多卡因和肾上腺素不仅作用于注射部位，也作用于各个牙齿内部。
