Serpe L, Franz-Montan M, Santos C P dos, Silva C B da, Nolasco F P, Caldas C S, Volpato M C, Paula E de, Groppo F C
Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 May;52(5):452-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.02.018. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Bupivacaine is a long-acting local anaesthetic that is widely used in medicine and dentistry. The duration and intensity of its sensory blockade in animal models is increased by its inclusion in complexes with cyclodextrins. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anaesthetic efficacy of bupivacaine 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) inclusion complex for dental anaesthesia after inferior alveolar nerve block in rats. Thirty rats were each given an injection close to the mandibular foramen of 0.2ml of one of the following formulations: 0.5% bupivacaine alone; 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine; and 0.5% bupivacaine-HPβCD inclusion complex (bupivacaine-HPβCD). The other sides were used as controls, with either 0.9% saline or anaesthetic-free HPβCD solution being injected. The onset, success, and duration of pulpal anaesthesia were assessed by electrical stimulation ("pulp tester") on inferior molars. Results were analysed using ANOVA (Tukey), log rank, and chi square tests (α=5%). There were no differences among the formulations in onset of anaesthesia (p=0.59) or between the bupivacaine plus epinephrine and bupivacaine plus HPβCD in duration of anaesthesia, but bupivacaine plus epinephrine gave significantly higher values than bupivacaine alone (p=0.007). Bupivacaine plus epinephrine was a better anaesthetic than bupivacaine alone (p=0.02), while Bupi-HPβCD gave intermediate results, and therefore did not differ significantly from the other 2 groups (p=0.18 with bupivacaine alone; and p=0.44 with bupivacaine plus epinephrine). The bupivacaine-HPβCD complex showed similar anaesthetic properties to those of bupivacaine with epinephrine.
布比卡因是一种长效局部麻醉剂，广泛应用于医学和牙科领域。在动物模型中，将其与环糊精形成复合物后，其感觉阻滞的持续时间和强度会增加。本研究的目的是评估布比卡因2-羟丙基-β-环糊精（HPβCD）包合物在下牙槽神经阻滞大鼠后用于牙科麻醉的效果。将30只大鼠分别在下颌孔附近注射0.2ml以下制剂之一：单独的0.5%布比卡因；含1:200,000肾上腺素的0.5%布比卡因；以及0.5%布比卡因-HPβCD包合物（布比卡因-HPβCD）。另一侧用作对照，注射0.9%生理盐水或不含麻醉剂的HPβCD溶液。通过对下颌磨牙进行电刺激（“牙髓测试仪”）来评估牙髓麻醉的起效时间、成功率和持续时间。结果采用方差分析（Tukey法）、对数秩检验和卡方检验进行分析（α=5%）。各制剂在麻醉起效时间上无差异（p=0.59），布比卡因加肾上腺素和布比卡因加HPβCD在麻醉持续时间上也无差异，但布比卡因加肾上腺素的值显著高于单独使用布比卡因（p=0.007）。布比卡因加肾上腺素作为麻醉剂比单独使用布比卡因更好（p=0.02），而布比卡因-HPβCD的结果处于中间水平，因此与其他两组无显著差异（与单独使用布比卡因相比p=0.18；与布比卡因加肾上腺素相比p=0.44）。布比卡因-HPβCD复合物显示出与布比卡因加肾上腺素相似的麻醉特性。
