Tager-Flusberg H, Sullivan K
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston 02125-3393.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1994 Sep;35(6):1059-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01809.x.
The relationship between performance on a false belief task and a new task designed to elicit explanations of human action was examined in two experiments. In the first study normal preschoolers' performance on both tasks was significantly correlated. The second experiment included matched groups of autistic, mentally retarded, and older normal children. The autistic subjects were significantly worse than controls at offering mentalistic explanations. Performance on the false belief and the explanation of action tasks was highly correlated for the autistic subjects. These findings are discussed in terms of the relationships between language and theory of mind.
在两项实验中，研究了错误信念任务中的表现与一项旨在引出对人类行为解释的新任务之间的关系。在第一项研究中，正常学龄前儿童在这两项任务上的表现显著相关。第二项实验包括自闭症儿童、智障儿童和大龄正常儿童的匹配组。自闭症受试者在提供心理主义解释方面明显比对照组差。自闭症受试者在错误信念任务和行为解释任务上的表现高度相关。根据语言与心理理论之间的关系对这些发现进行了讨论。
