Hidalgo Rodrigo I, Díaz González R J
Unidad de Psiquiatría, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles, Avila.
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Oct 8;103(11):408-12.
The burnout syndrome is characterized by emotional exhaustion (basis of the decrease of self-esteem), depersonalization and decrease of the feeling of personal accomplishment, above all, in the field of professional achievements. It appears to be frequent in the helping professions and the human services workers, and in its origin labour factors seem to intervene. The authors intend to determine the degree of burnout among physicians and to assess the influence of labour and sociodemographic factors on the emotional state of physicians.
One hundred fifty-six physicians of the Avila Health Service Area participated. A general questionnaire and the Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. The statistical analysis includes the analysis of variance, the Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Student's t test.
The profile of the studies professional is a 37 year old male, married, who has been working for 13 years in his profession and who has had his current job for eight with a professional category of consultant. In general, they are not satisfied with their work, they do not value highly the personal policy of their managers and they hardly identify themselves with the enterprise, if at all. These negative labour aspects were correlated with the burnout syndrome, whose values indicated high levels of professional exhaustion.
Improvements in the work conditions are suggested and in its organization such as the physicians' participations in management, definition of positions and assessment of individual situations.
职业倦怠综合征的特征是情感耗竭（自尊下降的基础）、去人格化和个人成就感降低，尤其是在职业成就领域。它在助人职业和人类服务工作者中似乎很常见，其产生似乎涉及劳动因素。作者旨在确定医生职业倦怠的程度，并评估劳动和社会人口因素对医生情绪状态的影响。
阿维拉卫生服务区的156名医生参与了研究。使用了一份一般问卷和西班牙文版的马氏职业倦怠量表。统计分析包括方差分析、皮尔逊相关系数和学生t检验。
研究对象的概况为一名37岁已婚男性，从事该职业13年，担任目前的工作8年，职业类别为顾问。总体而言，他们对工作不满意，对管理人员的个人政策评价不高，几乎不认同所在企业。这些负面的劳动方面与职业倦怠综合征相关，其数值表明职业倦怠程度较高。
建议改善工作条件及其组织方式，如医生参与管理、岗位定义和个人情况评估。
