Hopkins S R, McKenzie D C
Dept. of Medicine-0623, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0623.
Can J Appl Physiol. 1994 Sep;19(3):266-74. doi: 10.1139/h94-022.
Performance in endurance activities depends on maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) and the ability to sustain a high percentage of VO2max over time. This study examined whether noninvasive laboratory measures would be valid predictors of endurance performance in an individual-start bicycle race (TT). Eight experienced male cyclists (age = 25.1 +/- 3.3 years, weight = 75.0 +/- 5.7 kg, VO2max = 5.05 +/- 0.4 L.min-1) performed a progressive incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer. VO2max, maximum power output, and ventilatory threshold were determined. Later the subjects completed a 40-km TT. Power output at the ventilatory threshold (VT watts) was correlated with race performance time and calculated power output during the competition (r = -0.81; r = 0.82). VT watts and VO2max accounted for 75% of the variance between subjects (r = 0.91) in performance time. These data indicate that simple laboratory measures can predict TT performance in trained cyclists. Individual differences may be accounted for by motivation, aerodynamic position, and efficiency.
耐力活动的表现取决于最大有氧能力（最大摄氧量）以及随着时间推移维持较高比例最大摄氧量的能力。本研究考察了无创实验室测量指标是否能有效预测个人计时自行车赛（TT）中的耐力表现。八名经验丰富的男性自行车运动员（年龄 = 25.1 ± 3.3岁，体重 = 75.0 ± 5.7千克，最大摄氧量 = 5.05 ± 0.4升·分钟⁻¹）在自行车测力计上进行了递增负荷运动测试直至力竭。测定了最大摄氧量、最大功率输出和通气阈值。随后，受试者完成了一场40公里的个人计时赛。通气阈值时的功率输出（VT瓦特）与比赛成绩时间以及比赛期间计算得出的功率输出相关（r = -0.81；r = 0.82）。通气阈值瓦特数和最大摄氧量占受试者成绩时间差异的75%（r = 0.91）。这些数据表明，简单的实验室测量指标可以预测训练有素的自行车运动员的个人计时赛表现。个体差异可能由动机、空气动力学姿势和效率等因素导致。
