Gouteux J P, Blanc F, Pounekrozou E, Cuisance D, Mainguet M, D'Amico F, Le Gall F
ORSTOM, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, France.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1994;87(1):52-6.
In the early 1960s, the most part of the Central African Republic was located inside the distribution area of Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newst. Since the last distribution studies of this tsetse in CAR (in 1963), the number of cattle has increased from 400,000 to approximately two millions, mainly of the Mbororo zebu breed. To set up the present distribution of G. m. submorsitans a study by trapping has been carried out in 27 livestock areas, regarding about 1,200 pastoralists' settlements. Furthermore, north-south transects have been made using both trapping (with bipyramidal traps laid every 2,000 meters) and net-catching (within a car driving slowly). The result have shown the disappearance of G. m. submorsitans from the main livestock areas in the west (Bouar, Bozoum, Bocaranga, Batangafo, Bossangoa, Paoua), centre (Bossembélé, Bouca, Dékoa) and east (Bambari, Grimari, Ippy). The southern border of the distribution area has been moved upwards to the north by up to 400 kilometres in the west of the country. This important retreat is discussed. It leads to a huge increase in the pastures available for the Mbororo pastoralists. Their access is still restricted in the centre-north and in the east by wild game reserves where G. m. submorsitans remains.
20世纪60年代初，中非共和国的大部分地区位于桑氏采采蝇（Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newst.）的分布区域内。自上次对该国采采蝇分布情况进行研究（1963年）以来，牛的数量已从40万头增加到约200万头，主要是姆博罗罗瘤牛品种。为确定桑氏采采蝇目前的分布情况，已在27个畜牧区针对约1200个牧民定居点开展了诱捕研究。此外，还进行了南北向样带调查，采用了诱捕法（每隔2000米设置双锥体诱捕器）和网捕法（在缓慢行驶的汽车内进行）。结果显示，桑氏采采蝇已从西部（布阿尔、博祖姆、博卡兰加、巴坦加福、博桑戈阿、帕瓦）、中部（博森贝莱、布卡、德科阿）和东部（班巴里、格里马里、伊皮）的主要畜牧区消失。该国西部的分布区域南界已向北移动了多达400公里。本文对这一重要退缩现象进行了讨论。这使得姆博罗罗牧民可利用的牧场大幅增加。不过，在中北部和东部，由于仍有桑氏采采蝇存在的野生动物保护区，他们进入这些牧场仍受到限制。
