Aimez P
Ann Nutr Aliment. 1976;30(2-3):289-99.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in our societies and it increases at a regular rate. This phenomenon ("the overweight society") reaches a sociological level. Individual solutions to weight problems are time-consuming; moreover their efficience--as demonstrated by statistical studies, is rather poor. In contrast, group approach to weight problems offer theoretical advantages. Group therapy of obesity is based upon one of the following methods: classical nutritional approach, psychoanalytical group therapy, behavioral groups, free associations of obese people. Unfortunately comparison of these different methods, in regard to sucess and failures, as well as comparison to individual therapy is somewhat difficult from a methodological and theoretical point of view. However, global results of group therapy fail to prove some decisive advantages upon individual therapy. Exception to these discouraging results concerns those groups which were carefully selected so that they were strongly homogeneous in respect to several parameters selection of these parameters offers a promising way to new researchs. Obesity should not be looked upon like a disease or an homogeneous entity, but rather like a sympton. Some new theoretical concepts could be applied to group therapy of obesity and facilitate the scientific approach of this problem.
超重和肥胖在我们的社会中普遍存在，且呈有规律的速率增长。这种现象（“超重社会”）达到了社会学层面。针对体重问题的个体解决方案耗时；此外，正如统计研究所表明的，其效果相当不佳。相比之下，针对体重问题的群体方法具有理论优势。肥胖症的群体治疗基于以下方法之一：经典营养方法、精神分析群体治疗、行为群体、肥胖者的自由联想。不幸的是，从方法论和理论角度来看，比较这些不同方法在成功与失败方面，以及与个体治疗进行比较，都有些困难。然而，群体治疗的总体结果未能证明其相对于个体治疗具有某些决定性优势。这些令人沮丧的结果的例外情况涉及那些经过精心挑选的群体，这些群体在几个参数方面具有很强的同质性，对这些参数的选择为新的研究提供了一条有前景的途径。肥胖不应被视为一种疾病或一个同质实体，而更应被视为一种症状。一些新的理论概念可以应用于肥胖症的群体治疗，并促进对这一问题的科学研究方法。
