McDonald A M, Crofts N, Blumer C E, Gertig D M, Patten J J, Roberts M, Davey T, Mullins S E, Chuah J C, Bailey K A
National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AIDS. 1994 Apr;8(4):513-9. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199404000-00015.
To describe the pattern of newly diagnosed HIV infection in Australia, between 1984 and 1992.
State and Territory health authorities reported cases of newly diagnosed HIV infection to the national HIV surveillance centre. Information sought on each case included the State or Territory of diagnosis, the case identifying number, the sex, date of birth and postcode of residence of the person with newly diagnosed HIV infection, the source of exposure to HIV and the date of specimen collection for the diagnosis of infection.
By the end of December 1992, a total of 16,765 cases of newly diagnosed HIV infection had been reported in Australia. The annual number of cases declined between 1985 and 1992. Most diagnoses were among males, and exposure to HIV was attributed to male homosexual contact for more than 80% of cases for which information on exposure to HIV was available. Cases of HIV infection attributed to heterosexual contact represented an increasing proportion of the annual number of diagnoses over the period 1985-1992, among both men and women.
National surveillance for newly diagnosed HIV infection has complemented national surveillance for diagnoses of AIDS as a key mechanism for monitoring the course of the HIV epidemic in Australia. The pattern of newly diagnosed HIV infection was similar to the pattern of AIDS diagnoses, with the overwhelming majority of diagnoses of infection being in adult males whose exposure to HIV was attributed to homosexual contact. Limitations of HIV surveillance include the lack of information on HIV testing patterns, incomplete information on HIV exposure histories and duplication of reported diagnoses.
描述1984年至1992年间澳大利亚新诊断出的HIV感染模式。
州和地区卫生当局向国家HIV监测中心报告新诊断出的HIV感染病例。每个病例所寻求的信息包括诊断所在的州或地区、病例识别号码、新诊断出HIV感染的人的性别、出生日期和居住邮编、HIV暴露源以及用于诊断感染的标本采集日期。
到1992年12月底，澳大利亚共报告了16765例新诊断出的HIV感染病例。1985年至1992年间病例的年数量有所下降。大多数诊断病例为男性，在可获得HIV暴露信息的病例中，超过80%的病例HIV暴露归因于男性同性恋接触。在1985年至1992年期间，无论是男性还是女性，归因于异性接触的HIV感染病例在年度诊断病例中的比例都在增加。
对新诊断出的HIV感染进行国家监测补充了对艾滋病诊断的国家监测，是监测澳大利亚HIV疫情发展的关键机制。新诊断出的HIV感染模式与艾滋病诊断模式相似，绝大多数感染诊断病例为成年男性，其HIV暴露归因于同性恋接触。HIV监测的局限性包括缺乏关于HIV检测模式的信息、HIV暴露史信息不完整以及报告诊断的重复。
