McDonald A M, Gertig D M, Crofts N, Kaldor J M
National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1923-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.12.1923.
The purpose of this study was to describe the establishment of a national surveillance system for newly acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and present the first 3 years' results.
All new cases of diagnosed HIV infection were reported to the national HIV surveillance center through state and territory health authorities. Information sought on each case included evidence of whether the infection had been newly acquired, defined by the diagnosis of HIV seroconversion illness or by the report of a negative or indeterminate HIV antibody test result occurring within the 12 months prior to diagnosis of infection.
Of 3602 reported cases of HIV infection in adults and adolescents newly diagnosed in Australia between 1991 and 1993, 11.4% were identified as newly acquired. The majority (85%) of cases of newly diagnosed HIV infection occurred among men who reported homosexual contact, and 15% of these cases were identified as newly acquired. Average age at diagnosis was 31 years for cases of newly acquired infection and 34 years for other cases.
Surveillance for newly acquired HIV infection has been established at a national level in Australia and provides valuable information for planning primary HIV prevention programs.
本研究旨在描述新获得性人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染国家监测系统的建立情况，并呈现头3年的结果。
所有确诊的HIV感染新病例通过州和地区卫生当局报告给国家HIV监测中心。每个病例收集的信息包括感染是否为新获得性的证据，新获得性感染定义为HIV血清转化疾病的诊断，或在感染诊断前12个月内出现的HIV抗体检测阴性或不确定结果的报告。
在1991年至1993年期间澳大利亚新诊断的3602例成人和青少年HIV感染报告病例中，11.4%被确定为新获得性感染。新诊断的HIV感染病例大多数（85%）发生在报告有同性恋接触的男性中，其中15%的病例被确定为新获得性感染。新获得性感染病例的诊断平均年龄为31岁，其他病例为34岁。
澳大利亚已在国家层面建立了新获得性HIV感染监测系统，为规划原发性HIV预防项目提供了有价值的信息。
