Graham T W, Thurmond M C, Mohr F C, Holmberg C A, Anderson M L, Keen C L
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1994 Jan;6(1):77-87. doi: 10.1177/104063879400600114.
Associations between maternal trace element deficiencies and abortion have been made for many mammalian species. Objectives of this study were to estimate and correlate maternal and fetal hepatic Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations through gestation. Additionally, aborted fetuses, stratified by cause of abortion (infectious or noninfectious), were compared to size-matched nonaborted fetuses to examine for magnitude and direction of change in hepatic trace element status. Dam and fetal liver were removed at slaughter from 103 Holstein dairy cows judged grossly normal by ante- and postmortem examination. Liver samples were collected from fetuses submitted by veterinarians for routine diagnosis of abortion (n = 80). Hepatic Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations were determined by flame spectrophotometry. Comparisons of groups, estimations of correlations, and derived prediction equations were made by least-squares methods. Maternal liver Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations did not vary during gestation. Compared with the dam, fetal liver Fe and Zn concentrations were higher (P < 0.05), fetal Cu concentrations were similar (P > 0.05), and fetal liver Mn concentrations were lower (P < 0.05). As fetal size increased, fetal liver Cu and Zn concentrations increased (P < 0.05), fetal liver Fe concentration decreased (P < 0.05), and fetal liver Mn did not change (P > 0.05). Aborted fetuses had lower liver Cu, Mn, and Zn concentrations than did nonaborted fetuses (P < 0.05). Liver Fe concentration was lower in aborted fetuses than in nonaborted fetuses in the second trimester only (P < 0.05). Consistently lower liver Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations in aborted fetuses suggest a nonspecific change in trace element status, which implies an effect of abortion, not a cause of abortion.
许多哺乳动物物种的母体微量元素缺乏与流产之间存在关联。本研究的目的是评估整个妊娠期母体和胎儿肝脏中铜、铁、锰和锌的浓度，并进行相关性分析。此外，将流产胎儿按流产原因（感染性或非感染性）分层，与大小匹配的未流产胎儿进行比较，以检查肝脏微量元素状态变化的幅度和方向。在屠宰时，从103头经生前和死后检查判定大体正常的荷斯坦奶牛中取出母体和胎儿的肝脏。从兽医提交的用于流产常规诊断的胎儿中收集肝脏样本（n = 80）。通过火焰分光光度法测定肝脏中铜、铁、锰和锌的浓度。采用最小二乘法进行组间比较、相关性估计和推导预测方程。妊娠期母体肝脏中铜、铁、锰和锌的浓度没有变化。与母体相比，胎儿肝脏中铁和锌的浓度较高（P < 0.05），铜的浓度相似（P > 0.05），而锰的浓度较低（P < 0.05）。随着胎儿体型的增加，胎儿肝脏中铜和锌的浓度升高（P < 0.05），铁的浓度降低（P < 0.05），而锰的浓度没有变化（P > 0.05）。流产胎儿肝脏中铜、锰和锌的浓度低于未流产胎儿（P < 0.05）。仅在妊娠中期，流产胎儿肝脏中铁的浓度低于未流产胎儿（P < 0.05）。流产胎儿肝脏中铜、铁、锰和锌的浓度持续较低，表明微量元素状态发生了非特异性变化，这意味着是流产的影响，而非流产的原因。
