Helson R, Roberts B W
Institute of Personality and Social Research, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994 May;66(5):911-20. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.66.5.911.
At age 43, 90 women in a longitudinal study were classified on the basis of J. Loevinger's (Loevinger & Wessler, 1970) Sentence Completion Test into 3 levels of ego development: self-aware or below, conscientious, and individualistic or above. Retrospective multivariate analyses of variance showed that ego level was associated with differential personality change on scales of the California Psychological Inventory from ages 21-43. In a path analysis, verbal aptitude in high school, psychological mindedness in college, and stimulation of life path between ages 21 and 43 each independently predicted ego level at age 43. Accounts of difficult times that involved construction of new schemas (accommodation rather than assimilation) were associated with high ego level.
在一项纵向研究中，90名43岁的女性根据J. 洛温格（洛温格和韦斯勒，1970年）的句子完成测试被分为自我发展的三个水平：自我意识或以下、尽责、个人主义或以上。回顾性多变量方差分析表明，自我水平与21岁至43岁期间加利福尼亚心理调查表量表上的不同人格变化相关。在路径分析中，高中时的语言能力、大学时的心理敏锐度以及21岁至43岁期间生活路径的刺激各自独立预测了43岁时的自我水平。涉及构建新图式（顺应而非同化）的困难时期的描述与高自我水平相关。
