Armstrong S M, Patel T R
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
J Basic Microbiol. 1994;34(2):123-35. doi: 10.1002/jobm.3620340208.
Biodegradation of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) and other polyphenolic compounds by microbes may occur by aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways. Aerobic microbes may initiate the mineralization of phloroglucinol or other polyphenolics by either a reductive pathway, epoxide formation, or a specific hydroxylating mechanism. Cleavage of the various intermediates of phloroglucinol and polyphenolic degradation may occur by intradiol and extradiol mechanisms. The reductive pathway in contrast to other mechanisms utilized by aerobic microbes, seems both cumbersome and energy wasteful. The degradation of lignin and its associated phenolics follows an enzymatic combustion process which resembles a nonspecific enzyme-catalyzed burning. Anaerobic mineralization of phloroglucinol and its associated polyphenolics by several microbes seems to favour the reductive formation of a dihydrophloroglucinol (1,3-dioxo-5-hydroxycyclohexane), which is cleaved by a specific hydrolase. Mineralization of numerous other polyphenolic compounds by anaerobes seems to utilize phloroglucinol as a central metabolite.
微生物对间苯三酚（1,3,5 - 三羟基苯）及其他多酚类化合物的生物降解可能通过有氧和无氧代谢途径发生。需氧微生物可通过还原途径、环氧化物形成或特定的羟基化机制启动间苯三酚或其他多酚类化合物的矿化过程。间苯三酚和多酚类降解的各种中间体的裂解可能通过二醇内裂解和二醇外裂解机制发生。与需氧微生物利用的其他机制相比，还原途径似乎既繁琐又浪费能量。木质素及其相关酚类物质的降解遵循一种酶促燃烧过程，类似于非特异性酶催化的燃烧。几种微生物对间苯三酚及其相关多酚类化合物的厌氧矿化似乎有利于二氢间苯三酚（1,3 - 二氧代 - 5 - 羟基环己烷）的还原形成，该二氢间苯三酚由一种特定的水解酶裂解。厌氧菌对许多其他多酚类化合物的矿化似乎以间苯三酚作为中心代谢物。
