Li C Q, Windsor R A, Hassan M
Office of Educational Research and Development, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Prev Med. 1994 Jan;23(1):28-34. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1004.
Low birthweight (< 2,500 g) is one of the major predictors of infant mortality. The clinical salience of low birthweight depends on its severity. The impact of smoking on low birthweight is greater in the 1,500-2,499-gm category than below 1,500 gm. This has an important implication for economic analyses of smoking cessation programs for pregnant women. Because health care cost is closely associated with birthweight, the cost of low birthweight attributable to smoking may be different than the average cost of low birthweight for all causes. Little is known about such cost differences.
The population-attributable risk was used to estimate the number and percentage of low-birthweight infants due to maternal smoking. Costs by birthweight groups were used to determine cost differences between low birthweight due to smoking and for all causes.
The net incremental costs per low birthweight due to smoking range from $4,256 to $8,640 compared to the costs of $5,213 to $10,306 per low birthweight by all causes. The cost differences may be up to 18%.
Considerably lower costs at birth were found in low birthweight due to smoking than for all causes. The cost difference was attributable to the difference in the severity of low birthweight.
低出生体重（<2500克）是婴儿死亡率的主要预测因素之一。低出生体重的临床显著性取决于其严重程度。吸烟对出生体重在1500 - 2499克范围内的影响大于对低于1500克的影响。这对孕妇戒烟项目的经济分析具有重要意义。由于医疗保健成本与出生体重密切相关，吸烟导致的低出生体重成本可能与所有原因导致的低出生体重平均成本不同。关于这种成本差异知之甚少。
采用人群归因风险来估计因母亲吸烟导致的低出生体重婴儿的数量和百分比。按出生体重组划分的成本用于确定吸烟导致的低出生体重与所有原因导致的低出生体重之间的成本差异。
与所有原因导致的低出生体重成本（每例低出生体重5213美元至10306美元）相比，吸烟导致的每例低出生体重的净增量成本为4256美元至8640美元。成本差异可能高达18%。
发现吸烟导致的低出生体重在出生时的成本明显低于所有原因导致的低出生体重。成本差异归因于低出生体重严重程度的差异。
