Emmons K M, Abrams D B, Marshall R, Marcus B H, Kane M, Novotny T E, Etzel R A
Miriam Hospital/Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02906.
Prev Med. 1994 Jan;23(1):35-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1005.
To evaluate the relationship between self-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and saliva cotinine concentrations, we studied 186 nonsmokers. Each participant completed an exposure questionnaire, kept a daily exposure diary for 7 days, and provided a saliva sample for cotinine analysis. Salivary cotinine concentrations were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Of the volunteers, 30% lived with one or more smokers, and 84% were regularly exposed to smokers at work. Eighty-three percent of the volunteers had detectable saliva cotinine concentrations (> or = 0.5 ng/ml) (median = 1.1; range = 0.5-7.4 ng/ml). Cotinine concentrations were related to exposure in the household and at the workplace. Volunteers who lived with smokers had significantly higher cotinine levels (median = 1.0; range = < 0.5-7.4 ng/ml) than those who did not (median = < 0.5; range = < 0.5-4.7 ng/ml). Volunteers who reported regular exposure at work had higher cotinine levels (median = 0.8; range = < 0.5-7.4 ng/ml) than those who did not (median = < 0.5; range = < 0.5-3.0 ng/ml). Cotinine concentrations were predicted by a regression equation that included the number of smokers at home and work and the number of minutes of exposure recorded in the daily diary (r2 = 0.29).
为评估自我报告的环境烟草烟雾暴露与唾液可替宁浓度之间的关系，我们对186名不吸烟者进行了研究。每位参与者都完成了一份暴露情况问卷，连续7天记录每日暴露日记，并提供一份唾液样本用于可替宁分析。使用气相色谱/质谱法测量唾液中的可替宁浓度。在这些志愿者中，30%与一名或多名吸烟者生活在一起，84%在工作中经常接触吸烟者。83%的志愿者唾液可替宁浓度可检测到（≥0.5 ng/ml）（中位数 = 1.1；范围 = 0.5 - 7.4 ng/ml）。可替宁浓度与家庭和工作场所的暴露情况相关。与吸烟者生活在一起的志愿者的可替宁水平（中位数 = 1.0；范围 = <0.5 - 7.4 ng/ml）显著高于那些没有与吸烟者生活在一起的志愿者（中位数 = <0.5；范围 = <0.5 - 4.7 ng/ml）。报告在工作中经常接触吸烟者的志愿者的可替宁水平（中位数 = 0.8；范围 = <0.5 - 7.4 ng/ml）高于那些没有报告在工作中经常接触吸烟者的志愿者（中位数 = <0.5；范围 = <0.5 - 3.0 ng/ml）。可替宁浓度由一个回归方程预测，该方程包括家中和工作场所吸烟者的数量以及每日日记中记录的暴露分钟数（r2 = 0.29）。
