非吸烟成年公共住房居民自我报告的烟草烟雾暴露情况的有效性
Validity of Self-Reported Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Non-Smoking Adult Public Housing Residents.
作者信息
Fang Shona C, Chen Shan, Trachtenberg Felicia, Rokicki Slawa, Adamkiewicz Gary, Levy Douglas E
机构信息
New England Research Institutes, Inc., Watertown, MA, United States of America.
Interfaculty Initiative in Health Policy, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2016 May 12;11(5):e0155024. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155024. eCollection 2016.
INTRODUCTION
Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) in public multi-unit housing (MUH) is of concern. However, the validity of self-reports for determining TSE among non-smoking residents in such housing is unclear.
METHODS
We analyzed data from 285 non-smoking public MUH residents living in non-smoking households in the Boston area. Participants were interviewed about personal TSE in various locations in the past 7 days and completed a diary of home TSE for 7 days. Self-reported TSE was validated against measurable saliva cotinine (lower limit of detection (LOD) 0.02 ng/ml) and airborne apartment nicotine (LOD 5 ng). Correlations, estimates of inter-measure agreement, and logistic regression assessed associations between self-reported TSE items and measurable cotinine and nicotine.
RESULTS
Cotinine and nicotine levels were low in this sample (median = 0.026 ng/ml and 0.022 μg/m(3), respectively). Prevalence of detectable personal TSE was 66.3% via self-report and 57.0% via measurable cotinine (median concentration among those with cotinine>LOD: 0.057 ng/ml), with poor agreement (kappa = 0.06; sensitivity = 68.9%; specificity = 37.1%). TSE in the home, car, and other peoples' homes was weakly associated with cotinine levels (Spearman correlations rs = 0.15-0.25), while TSE in public places was not associated with cotinine. Among those with airborne nicotine and daily diary data (n = 161), a smaller proportion had household TSE via self-report (41.6%) compared with measurable airborne nicotine (53.4%) (median concentration among those with nicotine>LOD: 0.04 μg/m(3)) (kappa = 0.09, sensitivity = 46.5%, specificity = 62.7%).
CONCLUSIONS
Self-report alone was not adequate to identify individuals with TSE, as 31% with measurable cotinine and 53% with measurable nicotine did not report TSE. Self-report of TSE in private indoor spaces outside the home was most associated with measurable cotinine in this low-income non-smoking population.
引言
公共多单元住房（MUH）中的烟草烟雾暴露（TSE）令人担忧。然而，在此类住房的非吸烟居民中，用于确定TSE的自我报告的有效性尚不清楚。
方法
我们分析了波士顿地区285名居住在无烟家庭中的非吸烟公共MUH居民的数据。参与者接受了关于过去7天内在不同地点的个人TSE的访谈，并完成了7天的家庭TSE日记。自我报告的TSE与可测量的唾液可替宁（检测下限（LOD）0.02 ng/ml）和空气中的公寓尼古丁（LOD 5 ng）进行了验证。相关性、测量间一致性估计以及逻辑回归评估了自我报告的TSE项目与可测量的可替宁和尼古丁之间的关联。
结果
该样本中的可替宁和尼古丁水平较低（中位数分别为0.026 ng/ml和0.022 μg/m³）。通过自我报告可检测到的个人TSE患病率为66.3%，通过可测量的可替宁为57.0%（可替宁>LOD者的中位数浓度：0.057 ng/ml），一致性较差（kappa = 0.06；敏感性 = 68.9%；特异性 = 37.1%）。家中、车内和他人家中的TSE与可替宁水平弱相关（斯皮尔曼相关性rs = 0.15 - 0.25），而公共场所的TSE与可替宁无关。在有空气中尼古丁和每日日记数据的人群（n = 161）中，通过自我报告有家庭TSE的比例（41.6%）低于通过可测量的空气中尼古丁（53.4%）（尼古丁>LOD者的中位数浓度：0.04 μg/m³）（kappa = 0.09，敏感性 = 46.5%，特异性 = 62.7%）。
结论
仅靠自我报告不足以识别有TSE的个体，因为31%可测量到可替宁和53%可测量到尼古丁的人未报告有TSE。在这个低收入非吸烟人群中，家庭以外私人室内空间的TSE自我报告与可测量的可替宁最相关。
Zotero 插件