Della Bianca P, Jéquier E, Schutz Y
Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Jul;60(1):37-42. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/60.1.37.
Energy expenditure was measured by means of a respiratory chamber in two groups of adult rural Gambian men. The first group (n = 29) had a low body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) < 18.5), whereas the control group (n = 29) had a higher BMI (> 22). This study shows that the energy expenditure of Gambian men with low BMI is not different from that of Gambian men with normal BMI when the results are normalized for fat-free mass or for weight by analysis of covariance. In Gambian men the nutritional status thus does not seem to affect energy metabolism notably. No differences in respiratory quotient, diet-induced thermogenesis, net work efficiency, spontaneous physical activity, heart rate, or urinary catecholamine excretion were observed between the two groups. It is, however, interesting to note that the basal metabolic rate of Gambian men, regardless of their nutritional status, is approximately 10% (range 4-12% depending on the reference value used) lower than that predicted for individuals living in industrialized countries.
通过呼吸室对两组成年冈比亚农村男性的能量消耗进行了测量。第一组（n = 29）体重指数较低（BMI；单位：kg/m² < 18.5），而对照组（n = 29）的BMI较高（> 22）。本研究表明，通过协方差分析将结果按去脂体重或体重进行标准化后，BMI低的冈比亚男性的能量消耗与BMI正常的冈比亚男性并无差异。因此，在冈比亚男性中，营养状况似乎对能量代谢没有显著影响。两组之间在呼吸商、饮食诱导产热、净工作效率、自发身体活动、心率或尿儿茶酚胺排泄方面均未观察到差异。然而，值得注意的是，无论营养状况如何，冈比亚男性的基础代谢率比生活在工业化国家的个体预测值低约10%（根据所使用的参考值，范围为4 - 12%）。
