Gürtler L G
Max von Pettenkofer Institut für Hygiene und Med. Mikrobiologie Universität München.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1994 May;73(5):291-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997133.
Risk of HIV transmission during the different modes of treatment depends on the HIV prevalence within the patient population and the instruments used during invasive procedures. Generally HIV may be transmitted from patient to the health care worker, from patient to patient and from health care worker to patient. Prevention of all modes of transmission is sterilisation or single use of equipment and if this is not possible proper disinfection of the equipment. HIV may be transmitted to patients by transplants that have not been sufficiently checked or pretreated. The most common route of HIV transmission is by stab wounds or puncture wounds by sharp instruments including needles. All reagents used for disinfection of other infectious agents are also valid for HIV. Infected staff should when ever possible avoid or refrain from performing operative procedures. HIV transmission is easily to prevent and part of all daily activities in medicine.
不同治疗方式期间的HIV传播风险取决于患者群体中的HIV流行率以及侵入性操作过程中使用的器械。一般来说，HIV可从患者传播给医护人员、从患者传播给患者以及从医护人员传播给患者。预防所有传播方式的方法是对设备进行灭菌或一次性使用，如果无法做到，则对设备进行适当消毒。未经过充分检查或预处理的移植可能会将HIV传播给患者。HIV最常见的传播途径是被包括针头在内的尖锐器械刺伤或扎伤。用于消毒其他传染源的所有试剂对HIV也有效。受感染的工作人员应尽可能避免或不进行手术操作。HIV传播很容易预防，并且是医学日常活动的一部分。
