Heinonen T Y, Pearlman R E
Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 1;269(26):17428-33.
In the ciliated protozoa, the germ line micronucleus carries DNA sequences that are eliminated during the developmental program that produces the somatic macronucleus. We have identified such a micronuclear element in an intron of a gene in the holotrichous ciliate, Tetrahymena thermophila. The macronuclear version of this gene, numbered from the transcription initiation site to the polyadenylation site, is 1569 nucleotides long and contains two introns: intron 1 from nucleotides 206 to 382 and intron 2 from nucleotides 665 to 898. The gene is transcribed into a stable polyadenylated mRNA which is predicted to encode a polypeptide with a highly repetitive structure and an unknown function. The micronuclear version of the gene contains a 2.9-kb sequence element, mse2.9, in intron 2. This element was characterized by sequencing two micronuclear genomic clones that contain 909 and 764 base pairs of micronucleus-specific sequence from its left and right ends, respectively. This sequence has an (A+T) content of 81% and is present as a single copy. The termini of mse2.9 are located within a 4-nucleotide direct repeat, TTAT, one copy of which is retained in the macronuclear gene, between positions 755 and 759. Other features near the termini of mse2.9 include a GC-rich sequence motif, CCAACCCGTTG, 31 nucleotides outside the left terminus and a 20-nucleotide palindrome 6 nucleotides outside the right terminus.
在纤毛原生动物中,生殖系微核携带的DNA序列在产生体细胞大核的发育程序中被消除。我们在全毛类纤毛虫嗜热四膜虫的一个基因的内含子中鉴定出了这样一个微核元件。该基因的大核版本,从转录起始位点到聚腺苷酸化位点编号,长1569个核苷酸,包含两个内含子:内含子1位于核苷酸206至382之间,内含子2位于核苷酸665至898之间。该基因转录成一个稳定的聚腺苷酸化mRNA,预计编码一个具有高度重复结构和未知功能的多肽。该基因的微核版本在内含子2中包含一个2.9 kb的序列元件,即mse2.9。通过对两个微核基因组克隆进行测序对该元件进行了表征,这两个克隆分别从其左端和右端包含909和764个碱基对的微核特异性序列。该序列的(A+T)含量为81%,且以单拷贝形式存在。mse2.9的末端位于一个4核苷酸的直接重复序列TTAT内,其中一个拷贝保留在大核基因中,位于755和759位之间。mse2.9末端附近的其他特征包括一个富含GC的序列基序CCAACCCGTTG,位于左端31个核苷酸外,以及一个20核苷酸的回文序列,位于右端6个核苷酸外。