Lambert L D, Fleury M
Laval University, Québec, Canada.
Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Apr;78(2):611-24. doi: 10.2466/pms.1994.78.2.611.
This study assessed the efficiency with which young and older adults of varying field dependence extract information from traffic signs. It also identified some visual attributes of signs which affect recognition time. Two experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, digitized signs, embedded in rural and urban backgrounds, were presented on a computer monitor. Subjects indicated on which side a target sign had appeared. Analysis showed that recognition times were dependent on age and field-dependence scores. Also, visual backgrounds and spatial frequency of pictographs affected RTs. In Exp. 2, recognition RT to 2 signs with redesigned pictographs was measured as well as time taken to detect signs. The signs showing reduced spatial frequency were the fastest to recognize, although no effect was noticed during detection. The subjects who showed the worst performance when facing the original signs benefitted the most from the modifications.
本研究评估了不同场依存性的年轻人和年长者从交通标志中提取信息的效率。研究还确定了影响识别时间的标志的一些视觉属性。进行了两项实验。在实验1中，嵌入农村和城市背景的数字化标志呈现在电脑显示器上。受试者指出目标标志出现在哪一侧。分析表明，识别时间取决于年龄和场依存性得分。此外，象形图的视觉背景和空间频率影响反应时间。在实验2中，测量了对重新设计象形图的2个标志的识别反应时间以及检测标志所需的时间。空间频率降低的标志识别最快，尽管在检测过程中未发现影响。面对原始标志时表现最差的受试者从这些修改中受益最大。
