Selik R M, Ward J W, Buehler J W
Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jul 15;140(2):105-12. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117221.
To describe the demographic patterns of blood transfusion in the United States, the authors analyzed the cumulative incidence rate of transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (total cases reported from June 1981 through May 1993 per million population) by sex, race/ethnicity, age (at transfusion), and geographic area. Except for a high rate in infants, the rate increased with age, peaking at ages 55-64 years in men and at 65-74 years in women. Overall, the rate in males was 1.7 times that in females. By age, the rate in males was significantly higher than that in females only at ages 0-4 years and 45-84 years, when the rate in males was 2-3 times that in females. Overall, the rates in blacks and Hispanics were twice the rate in non-Hispanic whites. By age, the rates in blacks and Hispanics were significantly higher only at ages 0-4 years and 15-54 years, when they were 2-5 times those in whites, respectively. By state of residence, the incidence of transfusion-associated AIDS was correlated with the rate of all other AIDS cases (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.83; p = 0.0001). Most of these demographic differences probably reflect differences in exposure to blood transfusion and in the incidence of conditions requiring transfusions.
为描述美国输血的人口统计学模式，作者按性别、种族/族裔、年龄（输血时）和地理区域分析了输血相关获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的累积发病率（1981年6月至1993年5月每百万人口报告的总病例数）。除婴儿发病率较高外，发病率随年龄增长而升高，在男性55 - 64岁、女性65 - 74岁时达到峰值。总体而言，男性发病率是女性的1.7倍。按年龄划分，仅在0 - 4岁和45 - 84岁时男性发病率显著高于女性，此时男性发病率是女性的2 - 3倍。总体而言，黑人和西班牙裔的发病率是非西班牙裔白人的两倍。按年龄划分，仅在0 - 4岁和15 - 54岁时黑人和西班牙裔的发病率显著更高，此时他们的发病率分别是白人的2 - 5倍。按居住州划分，输血相关艾滋病的发病率与所有其他艾滋病病例的发病率相关（斯皮尔曼相关系数为0.83；p = 0.0001）。这些人口统计学差异大多可能反映了输血暴露情况以及需要输血疾病发病率的差异。
