Sugg M J, McDonald J E
Department of Psychology and Computing Research Lab, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Jun;20(3):647-75. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.3.647.
Translation models of the Stroop effect predict inhibition when the relevant stimulus type does not match the response type, but a lack of inhibition when it matches. All 4 combinations of relevant stimulus type (color or word) and response type (color or word) were evaluated at several stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) in a button-pressing version of the Stroop task to assess this prediction. Inhibition was greatest when the relevant stimulus type did not match the response type. However, in contrast to predictions of translation models, color and word responses produced different patterns of inhibition and facilitation over SOA, implying differences in the word-to-color and color-to-word translation mechanisms, and inhibition was obtained in both of the color-response tasks. A modification of the translation model is proposed that incorporates a translation mechanism and accommodates special characteristics of word processing.
斯特鲁普效应的翻译模型预测，当相关刺激类型与反应类型不匹配时会出现抑制，但当二者匹配时则不存在抑制。在斯特鲁普任务的按键版本中，在几个刺激呈现间隔（SOA）下评估了相关刺激类型（颜色或单词）和反应类型（颜色或单词）的所有4种组合，以评估这一预测。当相关刺激类型与反应类型不匹配时，抑制作用最强。然而，与翻译模型的预测相反，颜色和单词反应在SOA上产生了不同的抑制和促进模式，这意味着单词到颜色和颜色到单词的翻译机制存在差异，并且在两个颜色反应任务中都观察到了抑制。本文提出了一种翻译模型的改进版本，该版本纳入了一种翻译机制，并考虑了单词处理的特殊特征。
